226 
NATURE NOTES. 
these councils, much might be done. In societies like our own 
there is too often a sad disproportion between talk and work ; 
here is a matter which urgently calls, not so much for considera- 
tion as for immediate action, for the evil is being perpe- 
trated far and wide, with a mischievous thoroughness which can 
only be arrested by prompt action. We call upon all true 
Selbornians to take the matter up, and to use whatever influence 
they may possess in staying the progress of what on a former 
occasion we called “ the uglification of England.” 
GOATS AND SHEEP IN NORTHERN INDIA. 
HAVE a few facts in regard to some of these breeds, 
which have been furnished me by Mr. John Barlow, 
which, I think, may form an interesting little paper 
for Nature Notes. 
Perhaps in most parts of India the similarity between these j 
allied animals is more apparent than it is with us here at home, j 
Most of our English goats, I believe, have sprung from a wild , 
breed of Persia and the Caucasus, and it is alleged that the ' 
greater part of our short-tailed sheep owe their origin to the j 
mouflon of Corsica and Sardinia, countries wide apart from * 
the home of the goats. 
Mr. Barlow, in his notes, mentions seven varieties of goats 
which he has observed in and about Peshawar and the Northern 
Indus. The first, and in his view the finest, are those reared in I 
the mountains and glens of Kaghan, a dependency of Hazara, i 
a British district in the Punjab, bounded on its west by the f 
Indus. Large herds of these goats are brought down in the i 
winter months, and are sold at the market-fairs at Peshawar ^ 
and Rawalpindi. The pasturage of Kaghan is held to be 3 
exceptionally rich, and the goats thrive very well upon it. ® 
This species fetches in consequence the highest price amongst 
well-to-do natives. Some of these goats stand nearly three feet - 
in height, and weigh sometimes over a hundred pounds, and are 
so strongly built and powerful that they have been known to 
carry a native on their backs for a considerable distance at an T 
easy gallop. I 
The next breed he refers to is reared in the Punjab gener- *' 
ally, and has nothing remarkable but its long hair. Then again, t 
there is a smooth and short-haired variety of goats, known to the£ 
natives as Jumna-paree, which, as the name applies, are bred*! 
across the river Jumna, and brought to the entrepdts of 
Peshawar and Rawalpindi. There is also the Bengal variety, 
short of stature, the females of which are renowned for their ij 
milk-giving properties, yielding, if well fed, about three Bengal? 
seers daily, or, say, four pounds in weight avoirdupois. There]; 
