and their pelts were reported together. 
Mint for tea leaves. This is a new item for 2012. In 
2007 and previous censuses, data were included in 
other field crops. 
Miscanthus. This is a new item for 2012. In 2007 
and previous censuses, data were included in other 
field crops. 
Miscellaneous poultry. Poultry other than chickens 
or turkeys. Listed in Chapter 2, table 20. 
Misreported or miscoded crops. In a few cases, 
data may have been reported on the wrong line, in 
the wrong section, or the wrong crop code may have 
been assigned to a write-in crop code. A few of these 
errors may not have been identified and corrected 
during processing which resulted in rare cases of 
inaccurately tabulated data. Reports with significant 
acres of unusual crops for the area were examined to 
minimize the possibility that they were in error. 
Mollusks. These are invertebrate animals with a soft 
body covering and shells of 1-18 parts or sections. 
Examples include abalones, clams, mussels, oysters, 
and snails. See Aquaculture for more information on 
production reported on the census. 
More than one race reported. This category 
represents those operators who chose to report more 
than one race on the census form. 
Mushroom spawn. Respondents reported only 
sales; growing area was not summarized. 
Mushrooms. All mushroom crops were considered 
grown under glass or other protection and no 
mushroom data were published as area in the open. 
Those reporting mushrooms grown in the open area 
were converted to an equivalent area of square feet 
under protection proportional to their sales. 
NAICS. See Farms by North American Industry 
Classification System (NAICS). 
Net cash farm income of the operations. This 
concept is derived by subtracting total farm expenses 
from total sales, government payments, and other 
farm-related income. Depreciation is not used in the 
calculation of net cash farm income. Net cash farm 
2012 Census of Agriculture 
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service 
income of the operation includes the value of 
commodities produced under production contract by 
the contract growers. 
For publication purposes, farms are divided into two 
categories: 
1. Farms with net gains (includes those operations 
that broke even). 
2. Farms with net losses. 
Net cash farm income of the operators. This value 
is the operators’ total revenue (fees for producing 
under a production contract, total sales not under a 
production contract, government payments, and 
farm-related income) minus total expenses paid by 
the operators. Net cash farm income of the operator 
includes the payments received for producing under 
a production contract and does not include value of 
commodities produced under production contract by 
the contract growers. Depreciation is not used in the 
calculation of net cash farm income. 
For publication purposes, farms are divided into two 
categories: 
1. Farms with net gains (includes those operators 
that broke even). 
2. Farms with net losses. 
Noncitrus fruit, all. This is a summation of all acres 
reported in the commodities defined as noncitrus 
such as apples, grapes, and plums. 
Noncitrus fruit, other. See other noncitrus fruit. 
Nursery, greenhouse, floriculture, sod, 
mushrooms, vegetable seeds, and propagative 
materials. Data are for total square feet under 
protection and acres in the open. Individual crop 
data were collected for area under glass or other 
protection, area in the open, and sales of aquatic 
plants, floriculture and bedding crops, nursery crops, 
sod, propagative materials, food crops grown under 
protection, and mushroom crops. Total sales data are 
the summation of all crops. 
Nursery stock crops. Data include ornamentals, 
shrubs, shade trees, flowering trees, evergreens, live 
Christmas trees, fruit and nut trees and plants, vines, 
APPENDIX B B - 15 
