EARLY MAN IN BRITISH EAST AFRICA 
25 
also the stone weights still worn in the ears of the Masai, the 
stone-headed clubs used by the tribes on the south and east 
of Kenya, stone anvils and the primitive grinding-stones still 
used everywhere for making meal from maize or millet. It 
is quite natural to find that the use of these implements has sur- 
vived up to the present day in the remoter parts of the country. 
In the caves and middens of South Africa many flat beads have 
been found, made of fragments of the shell of an ostrich egg, 
bored and rubbed down to a roughly circular shape. As far as 
is known no such ornaments have been found in East Africa 
in association with stone implements, but among the Turkana 
these beads are found in use at the present day, and this may 
be quoted as rather an interesting example of the survival of 
a prehistoric industry. 
The perforated stones, previously referred to, deserve some 
notice ; they are very well known in South Africa, and are there 
called Kwe or Tikoe. 
Their range is enormous, for they are of common occurrence 
in Cape Colony, Orange River Colony, but rarely found in the 
Transvaal ; some 800 of them have been found in South Africa. 
They are recorded from the Tanganyika Plateau, from Kiliman- 
jaro, and also from near Khartum and from South Kordofan. As 
previously mentioned, two have been found in this country 
and, doubtless, more will be discovered. Similar implements 
are found in Europe, and they have even been recorded from 
Chili. 
In Europe they are associated with polished stone axes, 
and are of true and rather late Neolithic type. They are usually 
five or six inches in diameter with a perforation about one 
inch to one and a quarter inches in diameter. 
It has been proved in South Africa from the evidence of 
early travellers and bushman drawings that they were used 
both as weights for digging-sticks, and were fastened on sticks 
and used for clubs. It is probable that the stone-headed clubs, 
still used by some of the tribes around Mount Kenya, are 
survivals of the Kwe. 
Most of the obsidian arrow-heads and scrapers which have 
been discovered are evidently made from natural splinters or 
flakes of the rock, because numerous natural flakes are found 
