16 THE QUESTION OF THE RELATION OF 
insects against which war must be waged. (See ‘ Sleeping Sick- 
ness Bulletin,’ No. 85, p. 119.) 
Now with regard to the question as to what extent tsetse 
flies are dependent on or associated with game animals. There 
is no doubt now that 4 big game ’ is not the only source from 
which the tsetse flies draw their blood supply. It is to be 
expected that they would, for choice, feed upon such animals 
as buffaloes, large antelope, and domestic cattle ; but the 
latter are almost entirely absent in some localities in which 
tsetse flies are numerous. There is no doubt that the tsetse 
fly will feed upon other animals, such as hyaenas, jackals, pigs, 
baboons, small monkeys, and probably other smaller mammals, 
such as rats and hares, and even birds and reptiles. 
During the investigations of the Sleeping Sickness Com- 
mission of the Royal Society 1908-10 in Uganda, in two cases 
blood corpuscles taken from the stomachs of wild lake-shore 
Glossina palpalis were recognised as being derived from mon- 
keys, since the characteristic parasites of monkey malaria 
were found in the corpuscles (< Sleeping Sickness Bulletin,’ 
No. 19, p. 245). 
Again, in ‘ Sleeping Sickness Bulletin,’ No. 82, p. 444, it is 
tated that ‘ The pig is an animal which should be kept in view 
as a possible reservoir of sleeping sickness virus.’ It was 
believed to be refractory, but Beck managed to infect one for 
at least six weeks. It is stated that on Principe Island pigs’ 
blood is the staple diet of Glossina palpalis . and in most of these 
pigs a trypanosome is found, for which they are none the worse. 
Two rats and two guinea-pigs which were inoculated failed to 
become infected. 
In some of the sleeping-sickness areas in Uganda pigs are 
very numerous. 
Dr. Montgomery and Dr. Kinghorn writing on this subject 
expressed the opinion, 4 That the distribution of Glossina 
morsitans is entirely dependent upon the nature of the country 
and its flora, the association with the fauna being largely 
fortuitous, and that a perpetual supply of mammalian blood is 
not imperative to its, at least, temporary existence ’ (‘ Sleeping 
Sickness Bulletin,’ No. 22, p. 405). 
Sir Alfred Sharpe, writing in the ‘ Bulletin of Entomological 
Research ’ for October, was of opinion that tsetse flies are no 
