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GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION 
GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION 
Northern Frontier District and Jubaland. 
By The Editor 
Mr. John Parkinson, F.G.S., in 1915, carried out what is 
believed to be the first attempt at a rapid geological survey 
of the above area, the journey being undertaken at the request 
of the Government with the object of obtaining information 
regarding the water supply of the region. His results may 
prove of interest to future travellers and prospectors who wish 
to visit that part of Africa. 
Upon his return to England he read a paper before the 
Geological Society of London, and the following abstract 
has been published by that Society. His paper was termed 
‘ Observations on the Structure of the Northern Frontier Dis- 
trict and Jubaland Provinces of the East Africa Protectorate.’ 
He reports the discovery of a floor of gneisses and schists, 
among which the Turoka series (recorded from Magadi Railway 
line) of metamorphosed sedimentary rocks were found at 
several places ; this mass of metamorphic rocks is overlain 
on the western side by lavas, including those arising from the 
volcanos Kulal, Assi (‘ Esie ’ of the maps), Hurri, Marsabit, 
&c., and by probably older lava-fields, which together extend 
as far as long. 89° E. On the south, it was found that the lavas 
north of Kenya reached the Guaso Nyiro, leaving Inselberge 
of the crystalline rocks in their midst, but that a high gneiss 
country extended north-westwards from lat. 1° N. and long. 
88° E. to within a short distance of Lake Rudolf. Eastwards 
the coastal belt of sediments proved to be of Upper Oxfordian 
Age and to extend to long. 40§° E. (west of Eil Wak), and these 
were lost southwards under the great alluvial plain of Jubaland. 
At intervals throughout the alluvial plain, and lying in 
hollows in the Jurassic rocks, disconnected exposures were 
