ON NANDI ESCARPMENT 
295 
floor is solid rock covered with soil a foot deep thickly mixed 
with cattle manure. This’ is a cave in which some Nandi took 
refuge during the expedition and lived for a month with their 
cattle. They placed a barricade of small boulders at the 
entrance, and these can still be seen lying where they were 
when pulled aside. It is said that the Masai levies, who 
accompanied the forces, advanced behind a wall of shields. 
The roof and side of the cave, as in all these caves, is smooth 
and hard, and it was impossible to obtain a specimen of the 
stone, and digging in the soil produced no results. In the 
neighbouring hills many small cavities were observed under 
overhanging rocks, in many cases with small streams running 
through them. 
In general, to the lay mind, these caverns appear to have 
been caused by a severe earthquake powerful enough to shake 
together the huge granite boulders, leaving open spaces beneath 
them. Many of them have been increased by the water action 
due to streams. The whole country-side is full of these boulders, 
and presents a rugged appearance as if on the morrow of some 
huge upheaval. 
NOTES ON SALT CAVES IN LUMBWA DISTRICT 
By A. Knight -Bruce 
There are, it is believed, some nine caves of considerable 
size in the above district, and their names are as follows : 
1. Gitoi. 4. Kibarabara. 7. Sausit. 
2. Kibrisin. 5. Kiptoi. 8. Riptoit. 
3. Kibipiten. 6. Choma. 9. Bagau. 
The approximate altitude of the principal caves above sea- 
level is as follows : 
Gitoi, 6000 ft. Riptoit, 6900 ft. 
Kibipiten, 6500 ft. Sausit, 6100 ft. 
They are used at the present day by the Lumbwa natives, 
who dig a saline earth in them which they remove in baskets 
and feed to their cattle and sheep outside the caves. 
