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California. A. E. Michelbacher (April 20): In the Patterson area the 
armyworm was abundant in alfalfa fields the first part of April. 
WHEAT WHITE GRUB ( Phyllophaga lanceolata Say) 
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April 23): These grubs caused a tremendous loss 
to the wheat crop in the southern and central parts of the State. 
Oklahoma. E. A. Eenton (April 22): P. lanceolata is causing very little 
injury at present. 
HESSIAN ELY ( Phytophaga destructor Say) 
Pennsylvania. C. C. Hill and E. J. Udine (April 21): Light infestations 
prevail in fall wheat throughout most, of the State, except in -the East 
where heavily infested fields were found in Bucks County. Examination 
of puparia from Cumberland County, made today, showed about 6-percent 
mortality, lU-percent pupation, 12 percent emerged. On this date- a 
few scattered eggs in wheatfields showed the beginning of the ovl- 
position period. 
Indiana. C. Benton (April 25): Examination made in a heavily infested 
field of wheat near Delphi on April 13» showed 88-percent pupation, 
with 1 percent of the flies emerged. Ho eggs or larvae were found on 
that date. On April 23» 90 percent of : the puparia were empty, the 
flies having emerged. An egg count in wheat showed 92 percent of culms 
infested, with an average of IS unhatched eggs per culm; a larval count 
showed Sk percent of culms infested, with an average of 10 small larvae 
per culm. 
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (April lk) : Adults were reported flying at Man- 
hattan on April lk. They were observed by R. H. Painter. 
J. R. H rton (April l6) : The hessian fly has demonstrated very 
good ability to withstand unseasonably low temperature in the pupal 
stage. On April 7 to 9 a population, of which 35 to 50 percent were 
in Q the pupal stage, was subjected to ground- surface temperatures of 
30 E. for kO hours and 28° for 10 hour? more. The extent of mortality 
resulting has not been determined, but as late as April l6 it shows no 
striking increase above normal. 
CHI1TCH BUG ( Blissus leucopterus Say) 
Indiana. C. Benton (April 25): Migration from winter quarters was slow 
and gradual during April, many bugs still remaining in clumps of bunch 
grass. Examination on April lk of 5 winter wheatfields, totaling 182 
a,cres, and one ryefield of 27 acres showed only 2 bugs, both concealed 
in pieces of cornstalk. These fields situated near bunch-grass areas 
are known to be rather heavily infested. Casual observations made in 
winter wheat since April 12 show light infestation, evidently due to 
minor flights. April weather has been cool, with frequent rains, but 
even on several days of bright sunshine, with- air temperatures in the 
80 ! s, examination in infested clump grasses showed exposed chinch bugs 
