42 
Mr. William Phillips on the 
consists of this sand more or less intermingled with clay. Flints 
are every where imbedded in it ; but are visible principally as 
forming a thick but irregular bed lying on the chalk, at the bottom 
of the sand, and of course are not in situ. These flints perfectly 
resemble those belonging to the chalk with numerous flints, as well 
as that with interspersed flints. Those lying at the bottom of the 
sand, which of course is intermingled with them, are ochreous 
externally, but are not very much broken : some were incrusted by 
iron in the state of radiated black haematites. This deposit of 
flints every where accompanies the red sand along the cliff, and 
appears to be thickest where the sand is deepest : but this sand is 
not visible for any considerable distance on the descent of the hill 
west of the signal-house, and down which the road from Dover to 
Folkstone descends ; nor on any part of the cliff east of Dover ; nor 
are flints bearing the same characters, that is to say, which are 
whole or nearly so, to be seen any where in the alluvium covering 
the chalk, except beneath the red sand. 
.. This considerable deposit of flints bears evidence that, at some 
remote period, a vast destruction of the upper chalk took place, 
from causes which it is now impossible to ascertain. We may, 
however, venture to conjecture, that these cliffs were once covered 
by the chalk with numerous flints, and that it was swept away by 
one of those deluges, which there is every reason for believing to 
have been numerous as well as extensive. Every where along 
these cliffs is to be seen unquestionable evidence that such a deposit 
of chalk has suffered extensive luin by water. In receding from 
the signal-house towards Dover, the red sand is covered by a still 
newer alluvium, in which lie imbedded small rounded masses of 
chalk, from the size of a pea to that of a walnut, together with 
small fragments of flints and of iron-stone ; and this alluvium, 
