of the Country between Te Me berry and Madras . 331 
compact dark grey rock, with viens of sienite running through it. 
The soil is now no longer ferruginous, but a black mould, and 
where rain has fallen, a black mud. This soil, in general, covers 
the rock so completely, that it is difficult to gain a sight of it, and 
it is never exposed but in small nodules or fragments, by which 
one cannot judge how it lies. Close to Bavolly hullah, rock to the 
extent of many feet appears above the surface, and this is reddish 
sienite. As we advance beyond Bavally hullah, this sienite gathers 
more and more hornblende, and when become quite a dark rock, it 
is intersected by veins of light sienite. Here, also, are seen among 
the sienite, masses and perhaps strata of compact basaltic rock. 
Portions of felspar lie on the surface, as well as quartz. This latter 
I had observed further back, disseminated like flint in chalk, through 
the decayed fragments and mould, of which the surface of the 
greenstone mountains above was composed. I may observe, that 
these fragments, and wherever the rock had been cut away to form 
the road, split in angular and generally rhomboidal masses. Be- 
tween Bavally hullah and Antersuntah, wherever the rain had 
formed channels, glittering black sand, like that smelted at Chit- 
toor, and which will be alluded to hereafter, was deposited. The 
whole of the country between Canute and Antersuntah, is one 
continued forest with underwood, and it has been so time out of 
mind. Though one of the most beautiful countries in the world, 
yet it is unfavourable to geological observation, because the rock is 
seldom exposed. Between Kakuncottah and Antersuntah, the first 
rocks I met with, about four miles from the former place, were of 
green compact felspar coloured by hornblende; a hundred yards 
further, I came to a block, which I take to be cyanite and garnet. 
Here was also greenstone and hornblende. These rocks we came 
to previously to arriving at the village of Kairapoorah. All the 
