Extracts from the Minute Book of the Geological Society . 609 
virosa, Sium latifolium, S. nodiflorum, Butomus umbellatus, 
Sisymbrium nasturtium, S.amphibium,CEnanthecrocata, CEfistulosa, 
Scirpus palustris, S. fluitans, Stottonia palustris, Hydrocharis morsus 
ranse, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Ranunculus aquatilis, R. fluviatilis, 
R. hederaceus, Carex paludosa, C. ampullacea, C. acuta ; R. aquaticus; 
To these plants succeed those which require to have themselves 
altogether uncovered with the water, or their roots fixed in a 
watery or soft mud, as the Sphagnum latifolium, S. cuspidatum, 
S. capillifolium, S. squarrosum; Dicranum glaucum, D. flexuosum, 
Hypnum cuspidatum, H. stellatum, H. nigrosum, H. scorpioides. 
H. revolvens, H. aduncum, H. palustre ; Polytrichum commune ; 
among these mosses grow Vaccinium oxycoccos, Andromeda 
polifolia, Drosera longifolia, D. anglica, D. rotundifolia, Schoenus 
albus, Scirpus multicaulis, S. coespitosus, Eriophorum angustifolium, 
E. vaginatum, Narthicia ossifraga, Erica tetralix; when the 
bog rises higher, and is somewhat drier, Erica vulgaris, E. cinerea 
Myrica gale, Vaccinium myrtillus, Empetrum nigrum appear (espe- 
cially on high or rising grounds) with Eriophorum vaginatum, 
Nardus striceta, Agrostis alba, A. vulgaris, Melica c^erulea, Montia 
fontana, Vaccinium vitis idsea, Menzieria polifolia (Erica Daboocia) 
Pyrola media, P. minor, Juniperus communis, J. procumbens, Ulex 
nanus, Salix prostrata, S. fusca, S. repens, S. argentea, Carex 
pilulifera, C. binervis, C. recurva j and united with these in great 
quantities, Trichostomum lanuginosum, Dicranum flexuosum. 
Polytrichum commune, Bartramia arcuata, Hypnum splendens, 
H. loreum, H. cupressiforme and H. molluscum. When these 
plants vegetate luxuriantly, the bog rises rapidly, and the formation 
of the best kind of peat is accomplished, very different in consistence 
from that formed by the deposit of the mere aquatics, which partake 
of a clayey or saponaceous texture, and although they give a strong 
4 h 2 
