[ 4t5 ] 
the Forceps, or the Scoop, Fig. ir. which I have 
found, by Experience, to be much more commo- 
dious and fure than the Forceps. To be able to ufe 
this Inftrument with the utmoft Advantage, one muft: 
pradife with it a little on dead Bodies : And I am 
bold to fay, it will be found much fuperior to the 
Forceps ; and that with it one will ex trad Stones 
with Eafe and Safety, which the Forceps would either 
mifs, or not draw without great Pain. The elfential 
Reafon of this Superiorty is, that the Scoop takes up 
lefs Room, and that it putties the Stone from be- 
hind, fo that it can never flip back. 
This Inftrument, as well as the Forceps , is patted, 
into the Bladder between the two Inftruments that 
fupport and line the Lips of the Wound. The Paffage 
for the Forceps is, as it were, mark’d out on the Back 
i? of thefe Inftruments, Fig. 9. and 10. which I have de- 
fignedly made lightly concave, in order to dired the For- 
ceps or Scoop, and prevent their going wrong. They 
are in the fame manner drawn out, with the Stone, be- 
tween thefe two Concavities ; and it is eafy to con- 
ceive what Advantages muft attend this Contrivance. 
The whole Strefs of the Operation falls on thefe 
Concavities: All the Contufions, all the Rubbing, 
which thefe Efforts might have caufed to the Lips 
of the Wound, and to the Bladder, bear upon thefe 
Inftruments : The Shrinking of the Lips of the Blad- 
der behind the Integuments, which is another com- 
mon Confequence of thefe Efforts; the Tearing of the 
cellular Membranes, which follows this Shrinking, 
and makes Way for lodging the Urine, and forming 
purulent and mortal Sinus's : All thefe Accidents, I 
lay., which are common in the ufual high Operation, 
Ggg 3 and 
