. . -300- 
Kansas. H. R. Bryson (August 15): TThite grubs are moderately abundant. 
(August IS): Young white grubs arc very rrumerous at Manhattan. Some 
potatoes grown in city lots are damaged. 
CALIFORNIA TORTOISE SHELL ( AUais California Bdv. ) 
California. E. 0. Essig (August 17); Second migration, or cispersal, of the 
adults of the second brood of the California tortoise shell butterfly from 
the High Sierras of the Lake Tahoe region to the lowlands July 15 to August 15. 
CEREAL AND FORAGE- CROP INSECTS 
WHEAT 
HESS I AIT PLY ( Phytophaga destructor Say) 
Pennsylvania. H. E. Hodgkiss (July 2S) : Hessian flies are very abundant and 
damage is Very severe. 
L. B. Smith (August 26); Hessian flies are moderately abundant in south- 
eastern Pennsylvania. 
Illinois. W. P. Plint (August): The regular Hessian fly survey carried on 
cooperatively between the' Natural History Survey and the Federal Bureau of 
Entomology has just been completed. This year there has been a very marked 
increase in infestation throughout the central and southern parts of the State. 
Through A. J. Surratt, Agricviltural Statistician, Bureau of Agricultural 
Economics, U. S. Department of Agriculture, ' a special report on Hessian fly 
conditions was received from 630 of the regular crop reporters located in all 
counties in the State. These reports of damage and no damage to winter wheat 
may be taken as an additional check on the conditions found in our regular 
survey. This increase in fly infestation was mainly due to weather conditions. 
The fall of 1931 was extremely favorable to an increase and this was followed 
by especially favorable weather during the egg-laying period of the spring 
brood of the fly. The heavy spring brood resulted in serious damage to spring 
wheat, this brood coming from wheat that was sown early in the fall of 1931, 
and also from volunteer wheat. At the present tine there is an abundance of 
volunteer wheat in practically all sections of the State. The fall brood of 
the fly is just starting to emerge and lay eggs. If the present rainy, warm 
period continues the fall brood of the fly should all be out by the normal 
safe sowing date. If September is dry, emergence will be somewhat delayed 
and egg laying will probably take place a few days after the normal fly-free 
date. In any case the infestation is so heavy in most parts of the State 
south of a line drawn through Carroll, Ogle, and Kane Counties that with any- 
thing like normal weather conditions earl}' seeded wheat is sure to be heavily 
infested. 
East Central States. C. M. Packard (August): The area covered by this report 
includes Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, southwestern Michigan, and southen 
and eastern Illinois. There was serious injur- of the 1932 crop in many 
Illinois and Indiana fields, some being practically a total loss. Infestation 
was comparatively light and injury negligible; in Kentucky, Tennessee, and 
southwestern Michigan. Fly abundance was variable in Ohio, being greater in 
the northern and west-central parts where heavy infestations were prevalent, 
