-95- 
heavy infestation was observed. But this information does show us that 
there is a sufficient infestation of external parasites to cause severe 
damage should conditions "become favorable for a sudden increase. The past 
three years' survey shows that the lice and ticks are found on deer through- 
out the main deer sections of Pennsylvania." T. virgin! anus has been col- 
lected in 13 counties. "This species of biting louse makes up about 90 
per cent of the biting lice on Pennsylvania deer and was undescribed until 
1930." T. "oarallelus (Osborn), another biting louse, has been found in 7 
counties. "This is the so-called 'common deer louse' but really makes up 
only about 10 per cent of the biting lice on Pennsylvania deer." C. crassi- 
cornis . a sucking louse, generally." r.athor rare on eastern deer, was found 
in 7 counties. The tick D. nigrollneatus was found in 9 counties of the 
State. 
HORSE 
BUFFALO GNATS (Simulidae) 
Mississippi. State Plant Board of Mississippi (April 8): Reports reaching 
the Entomology Department indicate that buffalo gnats are present in large 
numbers in the vicinity of Greenwood, and that livestock are suffering 
from their attacks. Their presence in numbers is attributed locally to 
the rising of the flood waters. Many planters are already burning smudges 
in fields and around barnyards. 
C. Lyle and assistants (April): The outbreak of buffalo gnats, reported in 
a previous number of the Insect Pest Survey Bulletin, has very materially 
subsided, although reports of abundance are still being received from many 
parts of the State. (Abstract, J.A.H. ) 
BOTFLIES ( Gastrophilus spp. ) 
Iowa. Monthly Letter of the Bureau of Entomology, U. S. D. A., No. 225 (January) 
Botfly larvae in horses' tongues decrea.se with the advance of winter. — To 
determine "how late in the winter, in the northern latitudes, horses may 
continue ingestion of botfly (G. intestinalis DeG. ) larvae issuing from the 
eggs carried by the host after the last of the fly activity," E. F. Knipling, 
Ames, Iowa., made a count of all larvae found in 20 tongues purchased from 
a disposal, plant. The following counts in tongues examined on different 
dates show: the waning infestation: On December 1, 52 larvae in 5 tongues; 
on December 9, 31 larvae in 3 tongues; on December 10, 114 larvae in 2 
tongues; on December 13, 63 larvae in 3 tongues; on December 17, 23 larvae 
in 5 tongues; and on December 31, 7 larvae in 2 tongues. The stomachs 
and duodena of 8 of these horses were examined and following are the find- 
ings: 938 G. nasal is L. in the duodena.; 603 G. intestinalis DeG. in the 
stomachs; 1 G. haemo rrho i dali s L. in a stomach." 
SHEEP 
SHEEP BOTFLY ( Oestrus ovis L. ) . 
Michigan. R. H. Pettit (April 25): I received today two samples of grub-in-the- 
head of sheep, sent in to me from Marion. I am sending you this record, 
since it is so unusual in Michigan. These two samples were sneezed out and 
were accompanied with bloody mucous^, as is usual. 
