.. •• -319- 
have b«en seriously damaged by grasshoppers. a great deal of interest has 
been aroused regarding the control of grasshopppers and the kinds found in 
grazing lands. From collections made here, it seems that Ageneotettix 
deorum was most abundant, running from 28 to 44 percent of the total popula- 
tion in the open range of the plains and 27 percent in the pastures. 
Melanoplus mexicanus was the most abundant in the low-mountain grasslands at 
• 43 percent. Other important species of the grasslands were Camnula pellucida , 
M. packardii , M. infantilis, and Drepanopterna femora turn . ' Of course, there 
were numerous other kinds of lesser importance, but all contributed their part 
to the havoc wrought on the grazing land. 
Montana 
It was in this State, the old home of Melanoplus spretus Thos,, that 
M, mexicanus reached its greatest abundance and its highest rank over other 
species. In the great wheat areas it constituted from 47 " to 7^ percent of 
the total grasshopper population in small grains. The species next in rank 
were M. femur-rubrum and M, packardii , both at 4 "to 9 percent, M. infantilis 
was next, ranging from 2 to 5 percent. M. mexicanus was also the most 
abundant species in alfalfa and sweetclover, ranging from 30 percent in the 
counties bordering the mountains to 72 percent in the eastern counties south 
of the Missouri River. In these crops M, femur-rubrum ran from 12 percent of 
the total population in the eastern district (district 3) to 39 percent in the 
western district (district 1). 
In the severe 1923 outbreak Melanoplus bivittatus was abundant in 
alfalfa and sweetclover all along the Yellowstone Valley. This year it com- 
posed only 0.5 percent of the populations in these crops. In the irrigated 
valleys of the mountain district it increased to 3*8 percent* 
Montana, like Vivoming, has large grazing tracts, which have been 
severely damaged by grasshoppers. On these grazing lands, Melanoplus 
mexicanus was most numerous, ranging from 7 percent in the mountain counties 
to 45 percent of the total population in the eastern districts* Melanoplus 
infantilis was next in importance, its abundance ranging from 4 percent in 
the eastern part to 26 percent in the mountain district. Other abundant 
grasshoppers were Ageneotettix deorum , at 5 "to 9 percent; D repanopterna 
femora turn, 2 to 12 percent; Mestobregma kiowa , 4 "to 13 percent; and phlibostroma 
qua dr ima cu la turn , 1 to 17 percent. The last was most abunaant on the grazing 
lands in the northern wheat district. Other species found were Opeia obscura , 
Phoetaliotes nebrascensis Thos,, Melanoplus packardii , and Encoptolophus 
costalls Scudd, Camnula pellucida was very abundant in the mountain dis- 
tricts, making up from 12 to 2b percent of the total number. 
In Southeastern Montana Melanoplus confusus Scudd, was dominant on the 
range land early in the season. It had reached its maturity early in May 
and by the middle of July had practically disappeared. It must, hov/ever, be 
considered as an important range species. 
