-?Q- 
needle to determine whether it -as alive or dead. Only partially 
mature insects were included in the records kept of each exemina- 
tion. A total of 90 examinations --ere made which yielded the 
following data: 
Total scales counted 1 40,853 
Total scaleg dead 39, 625 
Per cent of scales alive 3.00 
Total scales alive above sno^ line 229 
Percentage of scales alive above snow line 0.51 
Total scales alive below snow line 999 
Percentage of scales alive below snow line 2.4-9 
Of all the insects examined, only O.pl per cent were alive that 
occurred above the snow line of the previous winter and the scales 
that made this percentage in the entire count came from but a very 
few orchards in certain districts where the temperature had been 
less extreme than in most communities. The protection that the 
snow affords is evidenced by the fact that the average of 2,5+9 
per cent -as obtained by the examination of only seven twigs that 
had been below snow line. On these twigs 3355 scale insects ™ere 
examined of which 1^39 were alive. Thus of all the scales examined 
on wood which had been covered with snow, U2.89 P er cent were 
found to have survived the winter. Were it not that there are 
often trees that have been blo~:n over or that have branches hanging 
down, or for water sprouts at the bases of trees which often are 
infested with the San Jose scale, natural control in large areas 
of southern Idaho would nave been complete. There are localities 
in which the increase of scale will be very slow for a time and 
doubtless it will be safe to omit the dormant spray in some orchards 
again in 1926 if examination shows that the orchards have not be- 
come reinfested. Considerable information ^as obtained concerning 
the temperature which is fatal to the San Jose scale in this 
State. Records show that where the temperature reached a minimum 
of 26 degrees below zero there '--ere, with one exception, no 
scale survivals. All live insects were obtained from communities 
where the minimum temperature was warmer than -26, a few were 
found alive at -24 degrees Po (January 12) : I have talked with 
numerous State horticultural inspectors recently and it is quite 
eevident that we can expect little injury from this insect in 1926. 
It was only in a few restricted districts that scale-marked apples 
were found at harvest time in 19?5 &nd t with one exception, these 
districts were those in which a small percentage of scales were 
found to be alive '0:/ microscopic examinations following the cold 
weather of last winter. There are whole areas in -hi ch no scales 
affected the fruit during the past season and it appears to me 
that ^e will have little injury in those districts in 192b. It is 
true that there has been a holdover of live insects on willows 
and on watersprouta that were below the enow line, but spread from 
these sources has not yet reinfested the fruiting areas of trees 
and it appears that control will not be practiced excepting in those 
districts mentioned. 
Arizona Oscar C. BartlettJ The Son Jose scale is row pretty well spread 
over this State whereever fruit trees are growing*. 
