20 BULLETIN 46, HAWAII EXPERIMENT STATION. 
either raw or cooked, would aid still further in reducing the cost and 
making the ration more efficient. In feeding ration No. 5 to swine and 
milk cows, it is advised that the mixture be passed through an eighth- 
inch mesh sieve to remove inert pieces of corncob and pigeon- pea 
stems ; these add nothing to the feeding value and merely tax unduly 
the digestive organs of the animals. While work mules and cattle 
can better utilize this coarse material, it would be better to remove 
it from the ration for reasons previously stated. 
For feeding poultry, no more effective Hawaiian-grown poultry 
grain ration is known than cracked pigeon peas and cracked corn in 
about equal proportions, supplemented occasionally with a little sun- 
flower, peanut, or soy-bean seed to supply the necessary fat. For 
either a dry or wet mash, ration No. 5 may be slightly modified by 
the addition of rice polish, cassava flour, more corn meal (without 
cob), or other products that suggest themselves. These will make 
good growing and laying rations. The only element lacking in these 
feeds is animal protein, and therefore, as recommended for swine, the 
free use of skim milk is strongly urged, this preferably to be clab- 
bered. In a feeding experiment coverirg the past two years with 
Hawaiian-grown feeds for poultry, the use of skim milk proved to 
be the greatest single factor in egg production. 
The quantity of pigeon pea to feed the various classes of live stock 
should be left to the observation and judgment of the feeder rather 
than to any set of rules. The best rule known is to feed the animals 
as much as they will eat in a reasonable time. 
PLOWING UNDER OF PIGEON PEAS. 
On account of the rather large growth it makes, the pigeon-pea 
plant may be difficult to plow under, and all plows will not do the 
work satisfactorily. A large single-disked plow having a subsoiler 
attachment will do good work either for pigeon-pea stubble or where 
most of the crop has been pastured down. (PL V, fig. 1.) Deep- 
tilling machines can also be used or the work can be done with any 
of the several kinds of disk gang plows having wide clearances. 
Where the plant has made good growth it is essential that it be left 
standing during the time of plowing rather than be broken down be- 
fore plowing, as some have suggested. 
PIGEON PEA AS A COVER AND GREEN-MANURING CROP AND FOR 
ROTATION. 
Good farming means, or should mean, both permanent and profit- 
able agriculture. No agriculture can be either permanent or profit- 
able where the outgo of fertility from the land is greater than the 
return. For the maintenance of soil fertility, no agricultural prac- 
