36 
BULLETIN 57, HAWAII EXPERIMENT STATION 
Table 14. 
■Composition of different parts of the canna plant and other carbohydrate 
feeds 
Material and source 
Water 
Fat 
Crude 
pro- 
tein 
Fiber 
Nitro- 
gen- 
free 
extract 
Ash 
Nitro- 
gen 
Lime 
Phos- 
phoric 
acid 
Potash 
Nutri- 
tive 
ratio 
lto — 
Edible canna (air- 
dried material) : 
Tops, Group 1 
Tops, Group 2 
Tops, Group 3a 
Rootstock 
Per cl. 
10.14 
10.18 
11.24 
4.36 
7.03 
77.00 
89.00 
89.70 
77.28 
77.28 
74.47 
79.30 
13.20 
12.00 
12.00 
8.40 
Per ct. 
0.46 
.55 
.79 
.34 
.31 
.12 
.07 
.09 
.08 
.08 
.42 
.50 
2.50 
1.06 
.70 
.70 
Per ct. 
3.35 
5.36 
7.46 
2.83 
1.99 
.86 
.66 
.86 
.67 
.49 
1.54 
1.80 
5.90 
7.42 
.80 
8.10 
Per ct. 
31.93 
21.67 
21.43 
2.45 
9.78 
8.17 
2.64 
2.49 
.58 
2.39 
7.31 
5.00 
29.00 
10.61 
6.10 
17.50 
Per ct. 
47.95 
54.05 
48.48 
85.29 
78.46 
12.27 
6.62 
5.63 
20.27 
19.17 
14.71 
12.20 
45.00 
65.72 
78.80 
60.80 
Per ct. 
6.17 
8.29 
10.60 
4.73 
2.43 
1.58 
1.01 
1.23 
1.12 
.59 
1.55 
1.20 
4.40 
3.19 
1.60 
4.50 
Per ct. 
0.54 
.86 
1.19 
.45 
.32 
.138 
.105 
.138 
.107 
.078 
.246 
.290 
.940 
1.080 
.120 
1.290 
Per cl. 
1.29 
.93 
.78 
.10 
.27 
.330 
.113 
.090 
.024 
.067 
Per ct. 
0.51 
.78 
.76 
.62 
.63 
.131 
.095 
.088 
.147 
.154 
Per ct. 
1.15 
2.48 
3.52 
1.32 
.79 
.294 
.302 
.408 
.313 
.192 
Per ct. 
14.6 
10.3 
6.8 
30 5 
Pulp 
Edible canna (fresh 
material): 
Tops, Group 1 
Tops, Group 2 
Tops, Group 3a 
Rootstock. 
Pulp* 
39.5 
Other comparable 
feeds: 
Sugar-cane tops *.. 
10.2 
Corn fodder » 
Timothy hay * 
Potato pomace «... 
Cassava starch re- 
fuse • 
::::::: 
.110 
.330 
.240 
.060 
.220 
.390 
1.420 
1.080 
.280 
.310 
7.4 
8.6 
9.2 
100.5 
Dried beet pulp »__ 
7.7 
1 Calculated to same moisture basis as rootstocks. 
1 (i, P. 5). 
* (3, app., Tables I, III.) Potato pomace and cassava starch refuse were calculated to air-dry basis. 
A comparison of the composition of the air-dried material of the 
three groups of canna tops and the rootstock shows a gradual decrease 
in fat, protein, and ash in progressing from Group 3a to Group 1 and 
thence to the rootstock. In carbohydrates the tops and rootstocks 
vary greatly, due of course to the storage of starch in the latter. 
Lime increases with the increase in maturity of the stem but drops 
to a very low value in the rootstock. Phosphoric acid and potash 
decrease in the older tops but there is a slight increase in these 
elements in the rootstock over the proportion in the oldest tops. 
In estimating the value of edible canna tops as green feed, Group 1 
should not be considered because it consists of dried leaves and 
partly shriveled stems which are fibrous and unpalatable. The 
greater moisture content of the other two groups over that of sugar- 
cane tops and corn fodder decreases their fresh green value. Reduced 
to the same moisture content, the three feeds have similar value. 
In fertilizer value, the average of the three groups is similar to the 
fertilizer value of corn fodder in both phosphoric acid and potash. 
Canna pulp as a feed is only slightly poorer than the original root- 
stock. There is somewhat less nitrogen-free extract and protein in 
the pulp than in the original rootstock, and the ash content decreases 
to half the quantity in the rootstock due largely to losses in potash. 
In comparison with the other by-products, canna pulp is decidedly 
poorer in protein and richer in carbohydrates, with a correspondingly 
wider nutritive ratio, than potato pomace and dried beet pulp. As 
compared with cassava starch refuse, canna pulp is richer in protein, 
but has a much narrower nutritive ratio. 
During the process of manufacture water is used copiously to 
remove the starch from the shredded rootstock. This washing is 
done on screens of 60 to 80 meshes to the inch, so that in addition to 
the starch, certain quantities of cellular tissue, colloidal material, 
and water-soluble constituents pass through the screen and are sub- 
sequently separated from the pure starch by fluming and levigation. 
