146 T:he D I SCO VE R Y and C O N^~'E ST Book 1. 
as Diamonds, or at leafl: ought to be fo, fo that in trying 
them with Hammers they broke abundance of them to 
Pieces. 
8. Francis Pizarro refolved to continue in Aftion till 
his Recruits arrived ; and, having in fome Meafure in- 
formed himfelf 'of the State of the Country, he judged 
it very poffible to make fome Advantage of the Difputes 
that reigned at this time, between the Inhabitants of T urn- 
hez and thofe of the Hand of Puna. He endeavoured to 
gain the good Will firft of the Iflanders ; but finding 
them to be a very falfe and perfidious People, he at- 
tacked and routed them, which he hoped would have 
opened a Means of contradling a clofe Alliance with the 
Tumbezenes \ becaufe he found fix hundred of them, to- 
gether with one of the moft confiderable Perfons of the 
City, Prifoners amongfl thefe People, whom he fet at Li- 
berty, and fent home, together with three of his own 
people ; who, if the Spanijh Writers are to be be- 
lieved, this barbarous Nation facrificed to their Idols, 
which however was not known immediately to Pizarro., 
who continued to reckon the Tumhezenes as his Allies, 
upon whofe Afiiftance he might depend at all times. 
In the mean rime Almagro having fent Pizarro a con- 
fiderable Reinforcement from Panama, and Ferdinand de 
Soto, and other Adventurers, arriving with their Troops 
from Nicaragua, he thought himfelf in a Condition to 
carry on the War upon the Continent, efpecially as he 
had fome Reafon to expedt to be fupported by the Fum- 
hezenes : Accordingly, having provided a fufficient Num- 
ber of Floats or Barklogs, he tranfported his Troops to 
T umbez, in which he loft fome Men on going a-lhore 
by the Roughnefs of the Sea, which runs very high on 
that Coaft *, and fome of his People were attacked and 
cut off by the Natives, which was a Surprize to him as 
he took them to be his Friends. The Spanijh Writers 
give various Reafons for this Alteration in the Condudl 
of the Natives of Tumhez who, but a very little before 
profeiTed themfelves their very good Allies and Confede- 
rates. Some relate, that, obferving the Spaniards had en- 
jflaved the Natives of the Ifland of Puna, and perfedtly 
fubverted their Religion and Government, demolifhed 
their Temples, and every thing they held facred, they 
expedled to be treated in the fame Manner by the Spa- 
niards, and therefore thought fit to oppofe their landing 
in their Country. 
Others inform us, that while the Spaniards were engag- 
ed in the Redudlion of Puna, a very great Alteration in 
the Face of Affairs happened upon the Continent. Atahu- 
allpa had defeated the Forces of his Brother Flue fear the 
Emperor ; cut in Pieces moft of the Inhabitants of Fum- 
hez and the neighbouring Provinces for adhering to him ; 
and the Troops that oppofed Pizarro's landing in Fum- 
lez, were thofe detached by Atahuallpa to that Province, 
on purpofe to repel the Invafion of the Spaniards. But 
whatever was the Reafon of the Peruvians oppofing the De- 
feent of thefe Strangers, it is evident that they were put in 
fuchConfufion by the Spanijh Horfe and Artillery, that they 
fled as the Spaniards advanced ; and, after the Slaughter 
of fome thoufands of them, were forced to abandon the 
Town and Caftle, and even the whole Valley of Fum- 
hez •, leaving behind them all the Gold and Silver Plate, 
Emeralds, Pearls, and other rich Spoils which lay heaped 
up in the Temple of the Sun, and the Inca’s Palace, 
being fo vaft a Treafure, that the Spaniards could fcarce 
believe their Eyes, when they found themfelves fo fud- 
denly poffeffed of it *, and fuch was the Confternation of 
Atahuallpa and his whole Court, when the Fugitives related 
v/hat Slaughter the Thunderer’s Ordnance had made among 
them, and how impoffible it was to efcape the Spaiiijh 
Horfes, to which Animals their Fears had added Wings ; 
that they concluded, if the Spaniards were not Gods, 
as they at firft conjedlured, they were certainly Devils, and 
that it was not poffible for any human Force to defend 
their Country againft them •, of which Pizarro receiving 
Intelligence, refolved to take Advantage of the Terror 
they were in, and march immediately to find out Ata- 
huallpa, while he remained under that Delufion. 
But he found it neceffary to defer his March, till he 
had eredled a flight Fortrefs upon the Sea Coaft (to which 
he gave the Name of St. Michael) for receiving the 
Recruits that he expefted, and to ferve him for a Place 
of Retreat and Security, in cafe any unforefeen Accident 
fhould happen.* This was the firft Spanijh Colony planted 
in Peru, and here the firft Church was erefted, in the 
Year 1531, and F. Reginald de Pedraga was conftituted 
Protedlor of the Indians, Ferdinand de Lugne being un- 
able to execute that Employment, on Account of his In- 
difpofition. This Meafure was certainly the wifeft that 
he could take ; for he not only wanted fuch a Settle- 
ment for the Reception of his Recruits, but fliewed like- 
wife his Judgment in the Choice he made, fince there 
was no Place fo proper for his Purpofe upon the whole 
Coaft. 
He took another Step that was equally judicious ; he 
divided all the Gold and Silver in his PoffeiTion Tfairly 
amongft the Soldiers*, and to fuch as were to re- 
main in the Colony, he delivered their Shares without 
Abatement, that they might have wherewithal! to fubfift^ . 
and to carry on their Trades ; but for fuch as continued 
to march with him, he gave them only Acknowledg- 
ments of his having fo much in his Hands, with a Pro- 
mife to pay it when they came to Panama. By this Efta- 
blifhment, he (hewed plainly his Intention to remain in 
the Country, which it was evident he could not do but 
by Force ; and therefore the very News of his eredting a 
Town, fortifying that Town, and compelling the Indians 
who lived near it, to obey not him only, but the mean- 
eft of his Spaniards, as Lord, foon filled the whole 
Empire with the Noife of this Enterprize, and engaged 
the two Brothers, who were contending for the Empire, 
to turn their Eyes upon thofe who might very foon have 
that Empire to give, fince the Terror of their Arms was 
already fpread among Nations of whom the Spaniards 
had not the leaft Knowledge. 
9. As the Differences between thefe two Brothers prov- 
ed their Ruin, and the chief Caufe that this great Empire 
fell into the Hands of the Spaniards, it is abfolutely 
neceffary that we fhould give fome Account of them, in 
order to render this Hiftory perfedlly intelligible and this 
fhall be done in as few Words as the Subjedt will admit. 
Huana Capac, or as fome of the Spa^tijh W riters call him 
Guana Cava, was the Sovereign of Cuzco, and had annex- 
ed to his Empire many Provinces, fo that his Dominions 
were five hundred Leagues in extent from his capital 
City. The Country of ^ito, which was ftill governed 
by its natural Princes, grew next the Objedl of his Am- 
bition •, he refolved to make himfelf Mafter of it, which, 
confidering the Superiority of his Force, was no hard 
Matter for him to do : He did it accordingly, and, hav- 
ing vifited it as a new Conqueft, he was fo much charm- 
ed therewith, that he refolved to make it the Place of 
his Refidence *, and accordingly, leaving his eldeft Son 
Huefcar, Mango Inca, and other Children at Cuzco, un- 
der proper Guardians, he transferred the imperial Refi- 
dence to ^ito, where he married the Daughter of the 
deceafed Prince, and thereby gained a legal Title to a 
Country, the Poffeflion of which he had acquired by 
Force. In Procefs of time, however, finding that great 
Inconveniencies enfued from his quitting his ancient Re- 
fidence, he returned thither for a time, and left his Son 
Atahuallpa, whom he had by the Princefs of FJuito, and 
for whom he had the greateft Tendernefs, under the 
Care of the moft eminent Perfons in that Principality, 
whither he propofed fhortly after to return, as he did, 
and then to fettle the Affairs of that Principality, and 
pafs the Remainder of his Days at Cuzco % but Provi- 
dence otherwife difpofed of him, and he died at Ffuito, 
having left the beft Part of his Treafures, and the old 
imperial Army, at Cuzco ; declaring by his Will, that as 
never made a Part of the Empire of the Incas, there 
was no Reafon that it fhould defeend, together with the 
Empire, to his legal Succeffor, and therefore he beftow- 
ed it upon his youngeft Son Atahuallpa, whom the Spanijh 
Writers generally call Atahaliha, who was, indeed the 
Heir of it by his Mother. 
After his Death, the young Prince fecured the Army 
and the Treafures of his Father, and then fent anEmbaffy 
to Huefcar, to fignify the Nature of his .Father’s Will, 
to 
