5 
154 ^he DISCOFERY and CONGEST Book I. 
wtvt America ^ and witli thefe, in the Year 
^ 535 ? he landed at Puerto Vejo, after having endured very 
great Hardfliips in his Voyage. He found himfelf next, 
obliged to traverfe a rough mountainous Country near the 
Equator, in which March^ if all the Spani/fo Writers may 
be believed, he fuffered ftill greater Calamities, and loft 
no lefs than fi^ty of his Men, by Che imexpedted Severity 
of the cold Weather. 
However, as he had been ' very long in the Service, 
and was accuftoined to all Sorts of Difticulties and Dan- 
gers, he continued to profecute his Defign •, and arriv- 
ing in the Neighbourhood of the Spanijh Colony of 
St. Michael^ he there refrefhed his Forces, and difpofed 
every thing for continuing his Progrefs into the Heart 
of that Country ; but, in the mean time, Pizarro had 
fent Almagro to teinforce Belalcazar^ and they had to- 
gether a confiderable Body of Troops, with whom they 
had performed fome great Exploits againft the Indians, 
but were now refolved to aeft againft Alveradg, in cafe he 
continued obftinately bent on the Profecution of his De- 
fign, and would not return into his own Government. 
The two Spanijh Armies advanced ftill they came in 
Sight of each other in the Valley of Riohamha, where it 
was expefbed a Battle would have enfued ; but Alverado 
forefeeing the Confequences that muft attend an Adion, 
let Vidory remain on which Side it would, willingly 
liftened to a Negotiation, which very foon ended in an 
Agreement between him and Almagro, in the Manage- 
ment of which they fhewed themfelves to be both very 
able Perfons ; for they agreed, that two Treaties fhould 
be drawn, one of which only was to be made public, 
whereby it was ftipulated that both Parties fhould be at 
Liberty to profecute the War againft the Indians, and the 
Difeovery of diftant Countries, with like Freedom, by 
which Alverado feemed to carry his Point ; and by which 
he really carried thus much, that he provided for fuch of 
his People as defined to remain in Peru, who were put 
upon the fame Footing with the Forces of Pizarro. 
But by the fecret Treaty he agreed to return into his 
own Government, and to accept the Sum of one hundred 
thoufand Pefos in Gold, in confideration of the Expences 
he had been at in fitting out his Fleet ahd Forces j and 
at the fame Time he promifed never to return to Peru 
fo long as either Pizarro or Almagro lived ; Thefe Treaties 
thus fettled, they marched together towards Cuzco, the 
Capital of Peru, in order to confirm them with Pizarro, 
and to receive the Money from him. But when Pizarro 
was informed of this Tranfadtion, he took a Refolution 
of preventing Alverado^s Vifit by going to meet him, 
becaufc he was a little doubtful whether the Sight of 
Cuzco and the rich Country about it might not revive the 
Ambition of his Competitor, and render him lefs willing 
to execute his Agreement, of which he very well knew 
the Value, and therefore highly approved it : But before 
he could accomplifh his Intention, there happened fome 
other Events, which had like to have changed the Pace 
of Affairs, and renewed both the general and civil War, 
which, however, by his Prudence and Generofity he 
prevented. 
' 1 8. We have before mentioned the generous Manner, 
in which one of the Indian Princes of the Royal Family 
refufed to affume the fovereign Dignity, becaufe of 
Right it belonged to Inca Manco ; which Prince, not- 
wkhftanding what had befallen Atahuallp'a, refolved to 
go to Pizarro to obtain the Ratification of that Treaty, 
which had been made with his Subjedts by the Spanijh 
Prifoners in the Manner before-mentioned ; in which he 
fucceeded, and lived upon very good Terms with the 
General, ^ifquis, th&Indian Commander, remained all 
this Time at the Head of a great Body of Forces, yet 
declared he was ready to lay down his Arms, and fub- 
mit, as foon as he knew of the Ratification of the Treaty 
before-mentioned. While he waited for this, Alverado 
and Almagro into his Neighbourhood with their 
Forces, and, knowing nothing of this Negotiation, pre- 
pared to attack him j the Indian General retired for fome 
Time, in Hopes they would receive contrary Orders ; 
but when he perceived they continued to advance he 
refolved to venture upon a Battle, in which he was de- 
feated, with great Lofs •, which might have renewed the • 
Indian W ar, if the reft of the Chiefs of that Nation had 
not been partly fo frighted by his lofing an Engagement, 
in which he was greatly fuperior in Number, that they 
durft undertake nothing, and partly fatisfied from theAf- 
furances given them by Pizarro, that this Accident 
fliould not hinder their having the fame Terms they 
were promifed before. 
The rich Booty obtained by this Viffory might alfb 
have renewed, the Difputes amongft the Spanijh Generals, 
if Francis Pizarro had not refolved to perform all that 
Almagro had promifed immediately ; and accordingly, 
leaving Cuzco to the Care of the Inca and his Brothers-, 
he fet out with a Party of Horfe and a Detachment of 
Indians, and arrived at the Valley of Pacha Camac, 
where he met with Alverado and Almagro ; and to in* 
gradate himfelf with the former, gave him the Com- 
mand of all the Troops while he remained there, com- 
manding all the Officers to obey Don Alverado'^ Orders, 
and acknowledge no other General while he continued in 
Peru ; and was fo much better than his Word, that he 
paid Alverado twenty thoufand Pefos more than he had 
ftipulated for the Expences of his Journey *, befides, a 
great Number of Turquoifes, Emeralds, and Veffels of 
Gold, for the General’s particular Ufe ; whereupon AF 
verado returned to Mexico, entirely fatisfied with his Re- 
ception, and the Treafures he had acquired, efpecially 
when he faw all the Gentlemen that had accompanied 
him in his Enterprize well provided for. 
This Matter being thus fettled, Pizarro, leaving the 
Care of the Frontiers to Almagro, employed himfelf in 
building Towns and fettling Colonies on the Sea Cdafts, 
particularly Z/w/7, which is now the Capital of Peru, 
though this City was originally called the City of the 
Kings, becaufe the firft: Stone of it was laid upon the 
Feaft of the Epiphany in the Year 1534, and was in- 
habited by Spanijh Gentlemen, who had the Indians of 
the Neighbourhood affigned them to do their Drudgery, 
which they looked upon as a very great Hardfliip, and 
which was direftly contrary to the Inftrudions fent to 
the Governors of all the Provinces of the Weji-Indies ; 
though I do not believe, that this was agreeable to the 
Defigns of the Spanijh Court. After the General had 
built the City of Lima he advanced a little farther, in 
order to diicover the Country effedtually, while he la- 
boured to do fomething of the like kind nearer Home. 
Then he marched Southward, and founded another fair 
City, which from the Place of his Birth he czMod-Truxillo, 
afiigning his Spaniards Lands and People, according to 
their feveral Conditions, as he had done before at Lima. 
While Pizarro remained at his new City of H ruxillo. 
Advice came from Spain that his Brother Ferdinand had, 
in a great Meafure, fucceeded in his Negotiation at that 
Court ; for whereas Don Francis Pizarro had petitioned 
his Imperial Majefty to extend his Government 2 00 Leagues 
farther Southward, to grant him the Province of Ata^- 
billios in Peru, with the Revenues thereof, the perpetual 
Vaffalage of 20,000 Indians, and the Title of Marquis ; 
his Brother wrote Word, that the Emperor had con- 
ferred the Title of Marquis of that Province, and en- 
larged his Government confiderably to the Southward ; 
but as to the Command he defired over the Indians, he 
would inform himfelf of the Cuftoms of that Country, 
and of whatDamage or Prejudice fuch a Conceffion might 
prove, and then he would ftiew him all the Grace and 
Favour in that particular that was confiftent with Juftice. 
And as to Almagro the Title of Marflial of Peru 
confirmed to him, and a Government of two hundred 
Leagues Extent of Country conferred on him to the South- 
ward of the Country affigned to the Marquis Pizarro. 
Almagro refiding at the City of Cuzco at this Time, 
and receiving Advice that the Government of the 
Country which lay South of the Marquis’s Govern- 
ment was conferred on him ; and obferving that Cuzco 
Was not within the Limits affigned to Don Pizarro, he 
immediately took upon him the Title of Governor of 
Cuzco and the Diftridt belonging to it, in his own Name, 
and no more aded in Subordination to the Marquis. 
John 
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