23 a ^he D iscovERiES and Settlements Book I. 
a certain Number of People, is not only equal to, but is 
really much better than an Annuity, that would maintain 
the fame Number of People in the fame Way, had I not 
been inclined to render this Matter as evident as it is 
poiTible. After this I fhall make but two Ihort Obferva- 
tions, and fo quit this Part of my Subject. 
The firft is, that in Cafe what we receive from Virgi- 
nia in Tobacco fhould fall fhoft of the Sum I have com- 
puted we derive from thence, this Deficiency is certain- 
ly made up fome other Way •, or, in other Words, the 
Virginians fend us other Commodities, or pay us with 
the Balance of their Trade with other Places. The fe- 
cond Obfervation is, that there is not the leaft Danger 
of feeing this Country over-peopled, and thereby finking 
the Value of Tobacco, becaufe there are a multitude of 
things to which the People may turn their Hands •, fe- 
veral of which have been enumerated already, and there- 
fore I fiiall only obferve that in the Articles of Silk and 
Iron, the Inhabitants of this Colony might fave us 
300000 /. a Year, and bring us in very near the fame 
Sum from other Nations. But it is now Time to quit 
this agreeable Topic, which however is a very hard Tafk, 
for one who has any Tinfture of public Spirit, in order 
to proceed with the proper Bufinefs of this Seftion. 
6. In what we have delivered concerning Virginia^ w6 
have purfued the Hiftory only of the firft Company efta- 
blifhed by King James’s Patent, called alfo the London or 
South Virginia Company ; but we are next to account for 
the Condud of the other Adventurers, or the Wejiern or 
Plymouth Company, as they are ftiled by the W liters of 
thofe Times, who contented themfelves for fome Years 
with trading with the Natives of North Virginia for Furs, 
and fifliing upon that Coaft. Two Ships being employed 
in this Fifhery in the Year 1614, commanded by the 
famous Captain John Smithy and Captain Lhonias Hunt : 
Captain Smith went on Shore, and took a particular View 
of the Country of the Majfachufets^ and had fome Skir- 
mifhes with the Natives j after which he returned to 
England^ ordering Hunt to fail with the other Ship to 
Spain^ and difpofe of the Fifh he had taken there ; but 
Hunt^ propofing to make a Market of the Natives them- 
felves as well as of their Fifh, after Captain Smith was 
gone, enticed twenty-feven Men of the Indians on board 
his Ship, and then fetting fail with them to Malaga^ fold 
them there to the Spaniards for Slaves, at the rate of 
twenty Pounds a Man, among whom was an Indian cal- 
led Squanto^ afterwards very ferviceable to the Englijh. 
This Outrage was fo refented by the Indians for the 
prefent, that all Commerce with them became impradi- 
cable j nor was this the firft Time the Natives had been 
thus violently carried away by the Englijh ; for Captain 
Harlow j in the Year 1611, furprized one Epenow, and 
two more of his Countrymen, and brought them to Eng- 
land ; where Epenow learned Englijh enough to impofe 
upon his Mafters •, and underftanding that the Hopes of 
acquiring Mountains of Gold was the principal Induce- 
ment the E?iglijh had to vifit his Country ; the cunning 
Indian in order to get thither again, pretended there was 
a rich Gold Mine not far from the Country where he 
was born, whidi he would guide them to if they thought 
it worth their while to fit out a Ship on fuch an Expe- 
dition. This Overture had the Succefs Epenow expeded, 
and Captain Hohjon was difpatched the next Year with 
Provifions, Tools, and Materials, proper to make a Set- 
tlement, and open the Mines Epenow had given them Intel- 
ligence of. This Ship arriving on the Coaft of Majfa- 
chujets^ feveral Indians zzisit on board, promifing to re- 
turn again the next Day with Furs and other Mer- 
chandize *, and they did, indeed, return, but in an hof- 
tile Manner, with twenty Canoes full of armed Men ; and 
Epenow^ beckoning to them to approach nearer the Ship, 
jumped into the Sea, and made his efcape to them ; where- 
upon the Englijh fired upon the Canoes, and were an- 
fwered with a flight of Arrows, and feveral were wound- 
ed on both Sides, among whom was Captain Hohjon 
himfelf ; after which, the Captain, without attempting 
any thing farther, thought fit to return to England. 
In the Year 1619 Capt. Dormer was fent to New England^ 
and with him Squanto.^ the Indian^ as an Interpreter, 
to endeavour to make Peace with the Natives, and fettle 
a Colony in the Majfachufets-Bay.) but to no Purpofe ; 
the Indians would not be reconciled, and, in a Skirmifli 
with them. Dormer received farther Wounds, whereupon 
he proceeded to Virginia^ leaving Squanto on Shore in 
New England. The Patentees, having met with fuch 
Difcouragement, were, at laft, fo much difheartened, 
that they gave up all Thoughts of making a Settlement j 
however, other Adventurers carried on a Trade to New 
England', eight Ships were employed in it by the Mer- 
chants of London and Plymouth this, .and the next. Year, 
and the Succefs was fuch, that the Seamen, who were 
Sharers alfo, had leach 17 /. in fix Months Time, as 
much as 30 /. now, and as good as 5 /. a Month, or 
Mafter’s Pay. It is very probable, that the Commerce 
might have gone on in this Manner for feveral Years, 
without any Thoughts of planting, though that was the 
Motive upon which their Patent was granted, fo early 
began the Fafliion, with Companies, to make that their 
leaft Care for which they were conftituted. But it fo fell 
out, that a Congregation of Independents or Brownifts, 
that for the Sake of their Religion had retired to Holland^ 
and formed themfelves into a Church under one Mr. John 
Rohinfon, who was their Minifter, found themfelves more 
uneafy there than they had been in England \ and there- 
fore formed a Projedl of feeking an Eftablilhment in the 
New World, where they imagined they might enjoy 
Peace and Quiet ; yet before they could carry this Defign 
into Execution, it was neceifary to have King James’ % 
Licence, not only in regard to the Rights of the Crown j 
but to fecure them, when fettled, from being turned out 
either by their own Countrymen or Strangers. In order 
thereto they got Sir Robert Nanton to procure the King’s 
Confent for their tranfporting themfelves to America. Sir 
Robert afked his Majefty that fuch a People might enjoy 
Liberty of Confcience under his gracious Proteftion in 
America, where they would endeavour the Advancement 
of his Dominions, and promote the Gofpel : The King 
replied. It is a good and honeji Propojal, and yielded to it. 
This Congregation, by their Agents in England, treat- 
ed firft with the Council at Plymouth for a large Tra< 5 t of 
Land towards Norembegua and New Scotland ; but upon 
better Confideration they abandoned their Purpofes, 
and refolved to feat themfelves more to the Southward on 
the Bank of Hudjon’s River, which falls into the Sea at 
New York. To this End, they contradted with fome 
Merchants, who were willing to be Adventurers with 
them, in their intended Settlement, and were Proprietors 
of the Country ; but the Contrad: bore too hard upon 
them, and made them the more eafy in the Difappoint- 
ment they met with in fettling on Hudfon’s River ; feveral 
of Mr. Robinjon’s Congregation fold their Eftates, and 
made a common Bank for a Fund to carry on this Under- 
taking. The Agents hired the May-Flower, a Ship of 
180 Tons, which was freighted with proper Goods and 
Merchandize, and ordered to Southampton, where fhe took 
aboard the Company that came from Holland with Mr. 
Brewjier. The whole Company, about 120 Perfons, 
failed from Plymouth the 6th of Septe^nber, and fell in with 
Cape Cod on the 9th of November, an ill Time of the 
Year to begin building, planting, or indeed any hard and 
difficult Labour ; and nothing could be more difficult 
and hard than theirs was like to be ; Here they refrefhed 
themfelves about half a Day, and then tacked about to 
the Southward for Hudjon’s River ; but Jones, the Ma- 
ker of the Speedwell, having been bribed by the Hollanders, 
who intended themfelves to take PoflTeffion of thofe Parts, 
as they did fome Time after, inftead of putting out to Sea, 
entangled them among the dangerous Sholes and Breakers, 
where, meeting with a Storm, the Ship was driven back 
again to the Cape, ypon which they put into the Har- 
bour, and refolved, confidering the Seafon of the Year, 
to attempt a Settlement there, and to proceed forward 
to the Bay. But Cape Cod not being within the Limits 
of the Land they had a Grant for under the Patent, they 
alTociated tliemfelves into a Body Politic, by a formal In- 
ftrument, in which, having declared themfelves Subjeds 
