Chap. III. of the E N G,,L,I S H in 
AMERICA. 
there, are the Produft of England ; fo that the Compu- 
tation cannot be thought to rife too high, if we allow^ 
that in this Way twenty thoufand more got their Bread ; 
which will make about fifty thoufand in the Whole : 
All fupported here by the Labour and Induftry of 
the Whites and Negroes in that Country. We are next 
to corhpute the Money brought into this Nation by the 
Export of the Commodities imported from thence, which 
was that Year allowed to be above two hundred thoufand 
Pounds, and it was alfo agreed, that as luuch or more 
had been gained every Year, between that Time and the 
Reftoration. 
I fhall fay nothing of the Money arifing to the Exche- 
quer from the Duties, though this might be computed at 
thirty five thoufand Pounds pr Annum but upon thefe 
Principles fhall proceed in my Computation thus : I 
will fuppofe, that from the Year 1636 to 1656, which 
is twenty Years, this Colony produced but half fo much, 
and though it may be true, that before the Year 1 640 it 
did not produce a Quarter fo much, yet, in the remaining 
part of that Period, it certainly brought in a great deal 
more ; and therefore we cannot be far from the Truth, 
in computing that this Nation acquired two Millions in 
Money, by Barb-adoes, in that twenty Years. In the 
next twenty, that is, from 1656 to 1676, when it is 
allowed this Illand was in its moft fiourifliing Condition, 
there mufi: have been gained four Millions of Money j 
and allowing for the gradual Falling off of this Trade, by a 
Multitude of unlucky Accidents, but more particularly 
by the fettling the French Sugar Wands, we fhall compute 
the lafl feventy Years, from 1676 to 1736, at the fame 
Rate >ve did the firfl twenty Years, and the Gain will then 
amount to fix Millions •, fo that in the Space of one hun- 
dred Years, the Inhabitants of Great-Britain have re- 
ceived twelve Millions in Silver, by the Means of this 
Plantation ; and had fifty thoufand of her Inhabitants 
maintained by the People in that Colony all the time. It 
is highly poffible, that in fome of thefe Articles we may 
be wrong one way, and it is more than probable, that in 
other Articles we may err the other way ; which is fo far 
from making againft the Credit of our Computation in ge- 
neral, that it really makes for it, fince we may very well 
fuppofe thefe Errors balance each other, and that the Sum 
total is very near right. 
We are now come to the lafi: Head, which is, affigning 
the comparative Excellence of this Colony with regard to 
our own and other Plantations in America ; and this, at 
firft Sight, may appear a thing very difficult, if not im- 
poffible to be done *, however we may come fufficiently 
near it for our Purpofe. It is thought that Barbadoes 
contains one hundred and forty fquare Miles, and if fo it 
is in proportion, as i to 34,771 in refpeft to the Spanijh 
Plantations •, as i to 12,000 in regard to our own ; as i 
to 1 1,000 in reference to the Amzri? ; as i to 7,000 as 
to t\\t Portugueze-, and as i to 4 ns to xht Dutch. This 
I fay, as to the Extent of Territory, is as juft a Compa- 
rifon as can be made ; but with regard to the Value of 
thefe Colonies, it is very eafy to perceive that there is 
hardly any Computation to be made at all, for we may 
truly affirm that the Produce of Barbadoes m very near 
equal to a twentieth Part of what Spain receives from 
her Indies annually, in time of Peace, and from thence 
we may eafily judge of the reft. 
I have infifted the longer upon this Topic, becaufe it 
may enable us to form fome Notion of what might be 
made of our Plantations, if we attended to them as much 
as they deferve-, for though it may be, and perhaps is, 
impoffible to improve any of them in proportion to what 
has be^n done in Barbadoes.^ yet we may well enough 
difcern, from hence, that they might be made incontefta- 
bly more profitable to us than they now are, or indeed, 
than the whole Trade that we now poffefs ^ and if, at the 
fame time we refledl on this, we likewife confider that 
there is nothing fo abfolutely in our Power, as the Im- 
provement of our Colonies j it will moft certainly appear 
to be the Point, which, of all others, imports us moft ; 
and if I have done any thing towards proving this, I 
jhall account all my Labour well beftowed. 
18. We are next tofpeakof the Eland of St. Chrifio- 
VoL, II. Numb. LXXXVIL 
pher, which was called Liarnuega by the Savages^ arid 
v;as difcovered by Chrifiopher Columbus^ in the firft Voy- 
age he made to America. He gave it the Name of St, 
S>rifiQpher from the Figure of its Mountains, there be- 
ing in the upper Part of the Ifiand a very high Mountain^ 
which bears on its Summit another lefs Mountain, as St. 
Chrijiopher is painted like a Giants with our Saviour oil 
his Back. It is fituated in the Latitude of 1 7 Degrees 
25 Minutes on this Side the Line, and is about 75 Miles 
in Circuit ; the 'Caribbeans inhabited it when Sir Fhomas 
Warner^ an Englijh Adventurer, went tliither. Monfleur 
Defnambue, a French Gentleman of the ancient Houfe of 
Vauderop.) who commanded for the French in America^ 
arrived at St. ChriftopheFs the fame Day with Sir ThomaS 
Warner.y and both took Poffeffion of the Ifiand in the 
Names of their refpedive Mafters, that they might have 
a Place of fafe Retreat, and a good Haven for the Re-' 
ceipt of fuch Ships, of both Nations, as ffiould be bound 
for America., it being well provided with Harbours. The 
Spaniards ufed to put in there in their Weft India Voyage^ ' 
to take in frefii Water *, and they were on fo good terms 
with the Caribbeans^ that fometimes they left their Sick 
there, of whom the Savages took a great deal of Care. 
The two Gentlemen before mentioned, left fome of 
their Men upon the Place, and returned. Sir Thomas 
Warner to England., and Monfieur Defnambue to France^, 
for Recruits. Their Mafters approved of their Condud, 
and fent them back with Supplies of Men and Proviiions, 
and Commiffions to be Governors of the new Settlements. 
This Company continued in France till the Year 1661, 
when they fold St. ChriftopheF s., and the other Ifiands, to 
the Knights of Malta \ but in the Year 1664, xhtWeft 
India Company, by the King’s Orders, bought out the 
laft Proprietors. Sir Thomas IF arner^ and Monfieur Deft- 
na'mbue, failed in the Year 1626, and the latter arrived 
there about January 1627, having had a long fickly 
Voyage. The French were about three hundred in Num- 
ber, xlx\Q Englijh Colony as manyj T\x Thomas had pro- 
ceeded a good way in his Settlement before Monfieur 
Defnambue arrived j and the two Governors, to prevent 
Differences among the People about the Limits of their 
Territories, figned Articles of Divifion on the 13th of 
May 1627 : They then fet Boundaries to their feveral Di- 
vifions, with this particular Provifo, that fiffiing and hunt- 
ing fliould be equally free to the Inhabitants of both Na- 
tions; that the Salt-ponds, and moft valuable Timber, 
ffiould be in common, together with the Mines and Ha- 
vens ; alfo a League offenfive and defenfive was con- 
cluded between them, againft all their Enemies ; after 
which they fet to work, each in his Station, to advance 
his Settlement, and went on very harmonioufiy. 
The Englijh received Supplies of Men and ProvifionS 
from London., by which means they throve better than 
the French., and not only became ftrong enough to keep 
what they had, but to be able to fpare Men for new 
Plantations at Nevis ; of which Sir Thomas W %rner took 
PoiTeiTion, and left People upon it for a Settlement, in 
the Year 1628. And in that which followed, Don Fre- 
derick de T oledo was fent with a Fleet of twenty-four Ships 
and fifteen Frigates, to difpoflefs the Eitglijh and French 
of the Ifiand of St. ChriftopheF s. The Spaniards were 
alarmed at the Progrefs of the Englifto in the Caribbee 
IJlands., and thought it concerned the Safety of their own 
Plantations, to prevent thofe Nations from fettling in the 
Neighbourhood. Don Frederick meeting fome Englijh 
Ships lying near the Ifle of Nevis, feized them, and then 
came and anchored in the Road of Marigot, under the 
Cannon of the Bajfe Terre, where Monfieur Rojfey com- 
manded. Neither the French nor the Englijh Forts were 
in a Condition to oppofe fuch an Enemy ; their Stores 
of Ammunition fell ffiort, and their Numbers were not 
a Match for the Spanip Army, had they been ever fo 
well provided with Powder and Shot. Rojfey, after a 
fmall Oppofition, abandoned the Bajfe Terre, and re- 
treated to Cabes Terre, another Fort, where Monfieur 
Defnambue was in Perfon, who could not prevail with 
his Men, either to defend themfelves there, or to retire 
to the Forefts and Mountains, where a few Men might 
have refitted a thoufand. He remonftrated to them 
U u u that 
