chap. in. of E N G L 1 S M in A M E R I d A. 
Help, and they were a great Help to him. He iifed fre- 
1 quently to read fome of thefe to the Indians, and they 
could comprehend well enough by his reading. But the, 
I Society were defirous fome Part of the Scriptures might 
be printed in Indian^ and the Copies given to the Indians, 
and they taught at lead: to read that ; accordingly the 
Morning and Evening Prayer, the Litany, the Church 
Catechifm, Family Prayer, and feverai Chapters of the 
, Old and few feftament were printed at New York. The 
Copies were fent to Mr. Andrews, and he gave them to 
; fuch of the Indians as knew any thing of Letters. 
He had Hopes now of fome Succefs in his Million ; 
feverai of the Women and fome Men began to lead more 
orderly Lives. They were inftrudted, and retained well 
in their Memory what the chief Articles of our Faith 
are, and Rules of Life •, ,a good Number were baptized, 
and particular Accounts were fent regularly to the So- 
ciety. Mr. Andrews was willing to try what good he 
could do in another Nation of the Indians ■, he travelled 
I to the Caftle of Onydans, one hundred Miles diftant from 
the Mohocks-, the Country all the Way was a vaft Wil- 
dernefs of Wood, and the Road through it was a narrow 
Path. He was forced to carry all NecelTaries with him, 
and at Night to lie upon a Bear’s Skin. When he arrived 
at the Caftle he was vifited by more than one hundred 
People, who feemed all glad to fee him ; he read feverai 
; Papers to theiu, ftaid fome Time with them, and, after 
Inttrucftion, baptized feverai, whofe Names have been 
tranfmitted to the Society. Mr. Andrews afterwards re- 
turned to the Mohocks, his Place of Refidence. In a 
fhort Time the Indians grew weary of Inftrudion ; The 
! Men grown would go out in Bodies a hunting for 'feverai 
t Months, and forget all they had been taught j and the 
young Boys, when they grew up, were taken out by 
j their Fathers to hunt, and fo loft all they had got. This 
: roving I.ife utterly deftroyed all the Miffionary’s and 
: School-mafter’s Labours. 
But befides this Difiiculty, and the natural Averfenefs 
of the Indians to Learning, two Misfortunes happened 
which created a Jealoufy, and afterwards a Hatred in the 
Indians againft all the Ynglijh as well as againft their Re- 
ligion. Some Jefuits, Emilfaries from fluehec among 
the Canada Indians, adjoining to the Iroquois, had mfufed 
into the Minds ol thofe People, that the Englijh did not 
intend, by building a Fort among the Iroquois, to teach 
then) their Religion, but to cut them all off at a proper 
jun6lure ; and that a Box had been found accidentally, 
left by the Englifj v/hen they attempted Eluehec, contain- 
ing Papers which difcovered this Intention of the Englijh. 
The Canada Indians believed this idle Story, and fpread 
it among all the Iroquois. This ftirred up fome Jealoufy, 
but a farther Misfortune quite fet the Indians againft the 
Englijh fome of the fufcararo Indians who had fled from 
North Carolina after the War there with th.t Englijh, came 
and fettled in the Country of the Onontages, one of the 
Iroquois Nations bordering on the Mohocks. Thefe People 
being enraged at the Englifo, ftirred up the Onontages 
againft them, telling them they had been moft barba- 
roufly ufed and drove out of their Country, and the En- 
glijh watched only for an Opportunity to extirpate them 
too. The other Indians were too eafily perfuaded to be- 
lieve every thing the I'ufcararo Indians told them ; fo 
that when any of thefe People came by the Mohocks Caftle, 
and the Queen’s Fort, in their Way to Albany ^ to trade 
and buy themfelves Neceffaries^ they ufed only to mock 
at Mr. Andrews when he would offer to talk to them 
about Religion, and when he preferred to go to their 
abode they abfolutely forbad him. 
In a little Time the old Mohocks left off coming to the 
Chapel to Mr. Andrews, and the Children came no more 
to School. Mr. Andrews the Society Word of the 
ill Succefs of his Miffion, though he had fpared no Pains ; 
that the hopeful Beginnings proved of no Effedl at laft ; 
and that he began to defpair of converting the Indians. 
The Society found now, from feverai Accounts, that the 
Miffion among the Indians proved fruitlefs ; that it was 
not poffible to teach them the Chriftian Religion, before 
they were in fome Degree civilized ; and they found the 
tollowing Difficulties did only hinder that. No Way 
could be found tO engage the Indians to lead a fettlecl 
Life, to apply themfelves to cultivate the Ground^ to 
build Towns^ and to raife Cattle ; they would ftill fove 
through their vaft Woods many hundreds of Miles, ^ de- 
pending for their Subfiftance upon the Game they could 
kill. They would eat all Sorts of Carriouj and in fome 
long Rambles, when by various Accidents they could get 
no Game, would kill and eat one another, even their 
Wives, and that without any Concern or Remorfe. Ge- 
nerally half of a Hord or Nation went out a hunting of 
a warring upon a neighbouring Nation together, and ori 
thofe Expeditions forgot all the little they had learned, 
and at their Return were as meer Savages as ever. They 
could not be diflliaded from taking Wives and leaving 
them at their Pleafure ; this not only hindered Religion 
from being fixed among them, but was the Caufe that H 
great many aged Men and Women periffied miferablyj 
as having no one Co take any care of them. 
They would, in their Wars, ufe the greateft Barbari- 
ties, and deftroy all the Prifoners they could take, by fuch 
extreme Tortures, it would move too much Horror in 
the Reader to repeat in this Place. It is true, they were 
very fond of their Children, but they perverted even fd 
good a Principle ; they would not oblige them to learn 
any manual Art, or our Language, but let them live a 
lazy beftial Life : Nay fome of the young Children who 
have by Chance fallen into the Englijh Hands, and lived, 
in Families, been taught our Language, learnt a decent 
Behaviour, and known fomething of Tillage or Flandy- 
craft ; when they have grown up have run wild again, 
have thrown off their Cloaths, and chofe rather to ramble 
naked almoft in the Woods with their own People, than 
to live a fober and fettled Life. But the greateft Obftruc- 
tion to their being civilized, was their Greedinefs of 
ftrong Liquors, elpecially Rum, and the fatal Effedl 
Drunkennefs hath upon them. When they drink they 
will never leave off till they have gone to the greateft 
Excefs, and in this Condition they are moft wretched 
Objefls. They grow quite mad, burn their own little 
Huts, murder their Wives and Children, or one another ; 
fo that their Wives are forced to hide their Guns or 
Hatchets, and themfelves too, for fear of Mifchief. And 
if the Men, through this Excefs, fall into any Sicknefs, 
they perifh miferably, as having no Methods of helping 
themfelves by Phyfic or otherwife. 
It is, indeed. Matter of great Wonder, that thefe 
v/retched People who have lived joining to the Englijh 
Settlements fo many Years, and cannot but obferve that 
the Englijh, by Agriculture, raife Provifions out of a 
fmall Spot of Ground, to fupport in Plenty great Num- 
bers of People whereas they, by their hunting, can-‘ 
not get a wretched Subfiftance out of all their Wilder^ 
neffes of feverai hundred Leagues in Extent, ftiould ftill 
refufe to till their Ground or learn any manual Art *, ffiould 
ftill live a brutal Life, infenfible of Shame or Honour. It 
is true, the Englijh have taken from them exceeding large 
Countries, yet this, far from being a Prejudice, would be 
a vaft Advantage to them, if they would but learn the 
Englijh Language, Arts, and Induftry. They have ftill 
an immenfe Extent of Land, Part of which, if duly culti- 
vated, is able to maintain many Millions of People more 
than there are. It might haVe been imagined the Sachems, 
that is, thofe petty Kings who were in England in the late 
Queen’s Time, fhould have been fo ftrongly affedfed with 
feeing the Grandeur, Pleafure, and Plenty of this Nation,' 
that when they came to their" own Countries, they would 
have tried to reduce their People to a polite Life *, would 
have employed their whole Power to expel that rude Baf- 
barifm, and introduce Arts, Manners, and Religion i 
but the contrary happened ; they funk themfelves into 
their old brutal Life-, and though they had feen this 
great City, when they Came to their olvn Woods they 
grew all favage again. 
Mr. Andretos Wrote feverai Accounts more in lyiS,. 
that all his Labours proved ineffeftual. That the Indiafts 
would not fend their Children to School, and no body 
came to the Chapel; that the four other Nations of 
the Iroquois, as they came by the Mohocks Caftle, 
infulted and threatened him ; that the Interpreter 
s and 
