Chap. III. of the DUTCH in AMERICA. 
Settlement was made thereon, in Confequence of this 
Grant. In 1 642, or thereabouts, the Duich^ from Flujhing^ 
fent a confiderabie Colony thither, who fixed themfelves 
very commodionfly •, and though at firft they found the 
Climate fickly and unwholfome, yet by Degrees, as they 
cleared it, the Air agreed with them better, and they be- 
gan to extend their Settlements. The Spaniards^ how- 
ever, from the Ifiand of ‘Trinity^ in Conjimdlion with the 
Savages from St. Vincent., fell upon the Dutch, murdered 
them to a Man, and deftroyed their Plantations : After 
which the Ifiand lay for feveral Years defert. 
About the Year 1664 Mx. Adrian Lampfin, z Dutch 
Eaft-India Diredlor, and his Brother Mr. Cornelius Lamp- 
fin, Burgomafter of Flufoing, one of the Deputies to 
the States-General, from the Province of Zealand, form- 
ed a Defign of re-fettling this Ifiand entirely at their own 
Expence. Mr. Cornelius Lampftn, after obtaining a 
Licence for that Purpofe from the States, applied him- 
felf to the Crown of France, in order to prevent, if pof- 
fible, any Danger to his new Colony from the Subjedls 
of that Kingdom •, and Lewis XIV. out of his great 
Generofity, from a Defire of fiiewing his Affeblion to 
the Dutch, and from a Principle of Indulgence to Men 
of noble Difpofitions, created Mr. Lampfin Baron of 
fabago, wdth all the Privileges of a Baron of France, and 
affigned him alfo a fair Coat of Arms fprinkled plentifully 
with Flower-de-Luces. Upon thefe Encouragements the 
two Brothers proceeded, and entirely at their own 
Charge, and by their prudent Management, from a wafte 
and defart Country, in the Ihort Space of eleven Years, 
rendered it the mofi; flourifiiing for its Size of all the 
Leeward Ifands \ they called it, from one of the largefi: 
Ifles in the Province of Zealand, New Walcheren, railed a 
very good Town, and a ftrong Fortrefs, called Lampfin- 
ierg, and two other good Forts, Beveren and Bellevifte ; 
and, which is very amazing, they fettled, during their 
Adminifiiration, twelve hundred v/hite People in that 
Ifiand, where they fucceeded in raifing all the Commo- 
dities that are brought from the Wcji Indies, viz. To- 
bacco, Sugar, Ginger, Indigo, Cotton, Calfia, Cacao, 
Rocou, Fuftic, Citrons, Oranges, Ananas, ^c. And 
befides thefe, they had fome very valuable Commodities 
which were not in the other Elands *, fuch as an excellent 
Kind of Saffafras, a Kind of wild Mace and Nutmegs, 
and a great Quantity of Gum Copal. 
They raifed, befides, all forts of Grain and Provifions 
in Quantities fufficient for their own Ufe, and for Ex- 
portation to the other Elands. But in 1678 Marlhal 
d’EJirees, by the exprefs Command of his Mafiier 
Lewis XIV. failed with a great Fleet to deftroy this very 
Settlement, notwithftandiug it had been made under his 
Protedtion, and by his Encouragement ; for it feems it is 
one of the Privileges ot the Barons of France to be beg- 
gared and deftroyed whenever their grand Monarch pleafe, 
which with fome Difficulty was accomplilhed •, for the 
Dutch defended themfelves obftinately ; but after two 
hard-fought general Engagements, they were defeated 
or rather over-powered by Kkimbers, and the Colony to- 
tally ruined, not more to the Lofs ol the induftrious 
Planters than to the eternal Infamy of that barbarous 
Prince, who placegl his Glory in making better Men than 
himfelf miferable. This Ifiand was reftored to the Dutch 
by the Treaty of Nimeguen ; and they have repaired fome 
of their Settlements ; but it is now a Place not worth 
fpeaking of, and very probably will never be, in any De- 
gree, reftored to its primitive Condition, becaufe, lying 
within Reach of the Savages of St. Vincent and the Con° 
tinent, it will be a very difficultMatter to fettle there with 
Safety, unlefs a new Colony was undertaken in the fame 
Manner, and carried on with the fame Spirit, as the laft. 
The Ifiand of St. Eufiachius lies to the North-weft of 
St. ChriftopheVs, in the Latitude of 17 Degrees 40 
Minutes North. It is but fmall, being no more than 
five Leagues in Compafs ; it appears, to the fouthward, 
like a high Mountain riling out of the Sea, but ftretches 
out nortiiward into an indifferent good Country. The 
Dutch took Poffeffion of it in the Year 1635, and the 
States granted the Propriety of it to Mr. Vanree, and 
fome other Merchants of Flujhing, who very foon fettled 
Vol. il Num'B. 94. 
a Colony there of about lix hundred Families. In the If ear 
1665 xho. Englifh m Jamaica dm Dutch, and 
fent Colonel Morgan with three hundred Buccaneers to 
keep Poffeffion of the Place. He foon after, making an 
Attempt upon dmFrench Part of the Ifiand of St. Kids, was 
killed ; and the next Year the Dutch and French, both then 
engaged in a War againft Great Britain, attacked and 
made themfelves Mafters of this Eland, which by the 
Treaty of was reftored to the Dutch. 
In 1689 it taken from them by the French, but was 
reftored to them again by the Treaty of Ryfwick, fince which 
they have remained in the peaceable and quiet Poffeffion 
thereof. The Number of Plantations thereon, and the 
comfortable Condition of its Inhabitants, do very great Ho- 
nour toilit Dutch Induftry ^ for without Doubt in any other 
Hands it would be a very indifferent Place ; all the Sides 
of the Hill are laid out into fmall Settlements^ and 
cultivated ; the Houfes are well built and well fur- 
nilhed moft of the Inhabitants are in good Circiim- 
ftances, and have Warehoufes well filled with European 
Commodities, with which they fupply their Neighbours 
at a round Price, whenever they are difappointed of Sup- 
plies from France and England. They likewife raife great 
Quantities of excellent Tobacco, which comes to a good 
Market mHolland, and fome other Commodities ; yet there 
is not a Drop of Water in the Ifiand, but what they are 
fupplied with from the Clouds, wffiich they preferve fo 
carefully in Cifterns, that they are very feldom diftreffed. 
The Top of the Mountain is covered with a vaft Wood, 
and in the Midft of it, inftead of the Point one would 
expebi, as it rifes in the f’orm of a Sugar-loaf, there is a 
wide and deep Cavern, whence fome have imagined 
that it v/as formerly a Vulcano, or burning Mountain. 
To the North-weft of this Ifiand lies that of Saha, in 
the Latitude or 17 Degrees 35 Minutes, which appears 
at firft Sight to be a Rock j but the Dutch Governors of 
St. Eufiachius have fent a fmall Colony thither, who 
have found a tolerable Valley, where they raife Tobacco, 
and other Things. It is a great Misfortune to both thefe 
Hands that they have not fo much as a Port •, but in the 
former there is a good Road, to command which there is 
a pretty ftrong Fort, and there all the Ships ride. 
The Eland of St. Martin lies in the Latitude of 1 8 
Degrees 1 5 Minutes, is in Length about feven Leagues, 
and in Breadth four ; The Climate is very far from being 
wholefome, and the Soil cannot be very fertile, fince there 
are no Rivers, and very few Springs, in the Ifiand, which 
are alfo dried up in the hot Seafons j and then the Inhabit- 
ants are forced to have recourfe to their Cifterns of Rain- 
water •, yet, as infignificant as this Place may appear, it 
has been contended for by three, and is aftually inhabited 
by two, powerful Nations ; fo that the Fliftory of it is 
extremely curious, and very^ well deferves our Notice. The 
Spaniards in Right ofConqueft took poffeffion of it, built a 
Fort there v/hich was very ftrong, not fo much for the 
fake ot what they were able to make of the Hand, as to 
prevent any other Nation from fettling there ; but when 
they perceived that the French, Englijh, and Dutch, had 
feized the more valuable Hands, they thought it ridicu- 
lous to be any longer at the Expence of keeping this, 
and therefore refolved to quit it. This Refolution was 
taken in the Year 1648, and v/as executed very foon 
after. They deftroyed their Cifterns, burnt their Houfes, 
blew up their Fort, and then retired to Porto Rico. 
It fo fell out, that in this Garrifon there were four 
Frenchmen, five Dutch, and a Mulatto, and all thefe ten 
hid themfelves in a Wood, till the Spaniards were em- 
barked, and then courageoufiy fallied out and took Pof- 
feffion of the whole Hand of St. Martin. But they very 
foon made choice of different Places to fettle in, and, 
by a very folemn Treaty, agreed to divide the Country 
between the French and Dutch Nations. The Dutch 
made a little Canoe, and fent one of their Number to St. 
Eufiachius, to inform the Governor of their Situation ; 
and they promifed the French, that Care Ihould be taken 
to fend the like Notice to the Governor of St. Chrifio- 
phePs •, the former, being their ov/n Affair, was performed 
very exacftly ; but the latter, concerning their Neighbours 
only, dipped out of their Heads. I'he Dutch did not 
5 B negledt 
