Chap. III. L O W-COUNTRIE 
being a conftant Cuflom among the Romans to diftin- 
guifh the Limits of a new-conquer’d Country by fome 
Mark or ocher diftinft from the reft, and by fome- 
thino- relating more peculiarly to that Country ; it is 
likely that they chofe the Pine-apple for this Pillar, be- 
caufe this Parc of Germany abounds in Firr and Pine- 
trees ; and it is perhaps for the fame Reafon that Augf- 
hurgh bears the Pine-apple in its Arms. 
Tho’ the Fortifications of this City are not very con- 
fiderable, the Inhabitants of this City have endured di- 
vers Sieges with a great deal of Bravery. The Senate 
here is compofed of Half Lutherans and Half Roman 
Catholicks^ tho* the.Bifhop has alfo a confiderable Sway, 
who has a Palace in the City, (but he refides gene- 
rally at BiUengen) and is Mafter of the greateft Part of 
the Territories belonging to this City. The Roman 
Catholkks make publick ProcelTions here, and carry the 
Hoft thro* the Streets, which the Lutherans falute by 
pulling off their Hats \ for as they live in a good Cor- 
refpondence with each other, fo they avoid all Oppor- 
tunities of giving Scandal, the Poor of both Religions 
being maintain’d in one Hofpital. The Jews are con- 
fined to a feparate Place, and for every Hour they ftay 
in the City are obliged to pay a Florin, which amounts 
to three of our Shillings. 
The Town-houfe is a lofty and fpacious fquare Fa- 
brick, of very fine hewn Stones ; the Portal is of Mar- 
ble, and almoft all the Rooms v^^ainfcotted and ceiled 
with Polijh Afii, which looks very fine. The great 
Hall makes a very noble Appearance, being a hundred 
and ten Foot long, fifty eight broad, and fifty two 
high, with a fine Jafper Floor. The Walls are adorn’d 
with Paintings intermix’d, according to the German 
Cuftom, with Emblems and Devices relating to the 
Government •, but the Roof exceeds all the reft for its 
fingular Beauty, being compofed of regular Compart- 
ments, the Squares and Panels whereof are enrich’d with 
Sculptures richly gilt, and beautified with curious Pic- 
tures and other Ornaments. The Arfenal is alfo a very 
large Strucfture ; the two Halls below are full of Can- 
non, moft of which are of Brafs ; but among the reft, 
there is a Culverine, a fix Pounder, of Leather, twenty 
fix Foot long ; the other Arms are kept above Stairs. 
During the Wars of this laft Age, the Augsburghers 
ufed to keep frequently their Gates Ihut, for Fear of a 
Surprize, but at laft, for the Conveniency of admitting 
Strangers and others without Danger into the City, they 
contrived a fecret Gate, which remains ftill, with all 
its Locks and Engines, the Defign of which is very 
nicely and well contrived, but too tedious and difficult 
to defcribe. 
Augsburgh was formerly a City of , great Traffick, 
.whilft all the Merchandize from the Mediterranean was 
landed at Venice^ and from thence, by the Way of 
Augsburgh^ thro’ all Germany : But fince HoU 
land has almoft engrofs’d all Augsburgh bears 
•its Share in the general Lofs, as well as Venice^ Milan^ 
Antwerp, and many other Cities, that were formerly 
famous for Comunerce. In the Bifhop’s Palace they 
fhew you the Apartment where the Confeffion of Augf- 
hurgh was prefented to the Emperor Charles Y. in 1540, 
hj Luther 2s\^.Melanbdhon. The Cathedral here has a 
Gate of Brafs, over which are reprefented feveral hif- 
torical Paffages of the Holy Scripture in bajfo relievo^ 
In, the Hiftory of the Creation the Virgin Mary is re- 
prefented framing Eve out of one of Adand^ Ribs 5 
which pafte's here for a great Elegance. 
The Artifans of Augsburgh are not inferior to thofe 
oiNurenbergh--, they even excel them in Clocks, 
Goldfmiths Work, and in Ivory. They fhew’d us here 
feveral Clocks valued at fifteen or twenty thoufand 
^Crowns a- piece ; but the worft is, they are fo very 
nice, that they are not durable. Their Ivory Work is 
, no lefs admirable, and among the reft certain Cups 
hollow’d and well ffiap’d, with a Ring made of the 
fame Piece in turning, . which plays betwixt the Foot 
and the Bowl of the Cup, without Poffibility of coming 
off. Of thefe there are an hundred, with their Rings 
in a Pepper-corn of an ordinary Size : I have fome of 
them, ypon Exammation I o.bferved diftindlly the 
S, G E R M A N Y, ^C. 531 
Traces of the Tool wherewith they are turn’d, which 
(hews it a pure Work of the Eyes and Hand, and no 
Artifice. They have another curious Bauble, viz. Fleas • 
faftened about the Neck with Chains of Steel, fo finely 
wrought, that though they are a Span long, they are 
fo light, that a Flea will lift it up when it leaps. They 
fell one of thefe Fleas, with Chain and all, for ten Pence, 
The Singularity and Variety of Habits is ftill more 
confpicuous at Augsburgh than at Nurenburgh, that Af- 
fair being fo exadlly regulated here by the Magiftrates, 
that the Difference of Religion, and Quality of People, 
is for the. moft Part feen by their Clothes. As for In- 
ftance, I faw a Roman Catholick Merchant’s Widow in, 
Mourning for her Husband *, fhe had a Kercher well; 
whited and ftarch’d, with Wings and Cornets belonging 
to this Drefs ; a black Petticoat, and black Cloak, 
made like that of a Man, reaching down to her Knees ; 
a great white Veil behind, hanging at the Tail of the 
Kercher down to her Heels, enlarging itfelf by De- 
grees ; a Piece of the fame Linnen with the Kercher, 
four Foot long, and at leaft two broad, which is very 
much ftarch’d and ftretch’d on a fquare Wire Thread, 
faftened juft below the Hips, and covers all the Fore- 
part of the Body. 
They have found Means to turn a Branch of the Ri- 
ver Leek into the City, the Waters whereof are exceed- 
ing clear and good. Upon this Channel ftand four or 
five Towers, on the Tops of which are certain Cifterns, 
which are fill’d by the Help of feveral Pumps mov’d 
by Mills, from whence the Water is convey’d into all 
Parts of the City. A Thing not to be admir’d only, 
but imitated. I muft not forget to tell you, that Augs- 
burgh has many Fountains, home of which are not in- 
ferior to the magnificent Fountain oilYurenbergh., whieff 
I formerly deferibed. 
II. As we were leaving Augsburgh, we took Notice 
upon the Road, that they cover the Vines and Phg- 
trees hereabouts with Straw or Mats againft the Cold, 
which is ffiarper than in England, though they do not 
lie fo far to the North. The Country is all upon a Le- 
vel betwixt Augsburgh and Munich, but none of the beft, 
being full of Woods of Fir-trees. 
Munich is a beautiful City, built A. D. 9^5, but very 
indifferently fortified, fcarce half fo big as Augsburgh, 
and of no Trade, the chief thing it has to boaft of 
being the Refidence of their Prince, and his magnifi-. 
cent Palace. The firft Thing we did, was to vifit the 
Jefuits Library, of which we had heard Wonders, but 
found it far below our Expedtation ; and the Library- 
keeper, or his Deputy, who was order’d to fhew it us, 
was fo prodigious a Blockhead, that we could fcarce 
imagine there could be fo much Ignorance found among 
thofe of that Order. However, both their Convent and. 
Church are exceeding fine, and the laft very large, light, 
and lofty ; the Veftry is very rich, and among their 
Relicks they fhew a Joint as big as that of an Elephant, 
which, they told us, was one of Sc. ChriJiopheP & Joints 
of the Back-bone. In the Aujiins , Church they have, 
many excellent Pidures ; and that of the Cajetans is an 
handfome Strudlure. The City of Munich bears a 
Monk in its Arms, which feems to confirm the com- 
mon Opinion, that it got the Latin Name of Monacum 
or Monachium, from a Monaftery that flood formerly 
on the Place where it was built. 
In the Church of Nojire Dame is the magnificent 
Tomb of the Emperor Lewis IV. beautified with ma- 
ny marble and brafs Figures. About ten or twelve: 
Steps from the Entrance of the great Door of the 
Church, one of the Stones of the Pavement is mark’d 
with a double Crofs ; and if you ftand upright upon 
this Stone, you find the Pillars of the Church lo placed, 
that you can’t fee one of the Windows of the Church. 
The Outfide of the Eledoral Palace is no way anfwerable 
to the Beauty of its Infide, tho’, at the fame time, moft: 
of its Apartments are not very regular 1 for this vaft 
Strudure being not built by one Ferfon, nor at the fame 
Time, it differs according to the various Fancies of the 
Perfons that had the Management of its Fronts , not- 
withftanding all which, it is, on the whole, a very 
beautiful FabyicE, The great tjall of the Ekdor’s 
Apartmen|. 
