» * • ■ ' , ■ ''' ' . f’ 
Chap. III. ihtoagh the State V e N i C Ej &C. 
that the Wind followed the Courfe of the Sun, it pro- 
ving generally pretty well for us in the Morning, but 
in the Afternoon againft us, the Land being to the 
Eaft of us, which confirmed what our Captain had 
told us. He alfo affured us, that when they are to 
make a Voyage from Holland to the Wed- Indies, they 
fail up as high on the South of Hfric, as the Place whi- 
ther they are bound in the We^-Indies lies; and then 
fteer their Courfe Weftward, the Wind blowing con- 
ftantly from the Eaft, and the Sea running the fame 
Way ; whereas, when they return, they go round the 
Bay of Mexico, far to the North, and fo pafs over to 
Europe ; which if true, much ftrengthens the Opinion of 
the Diurnal Motion of the Earths 
1 8. Thelovely City of Naples, extends in Form ofaCref- 
cent along the Sea-fide, under the Hills, refembling in 
Form, that of Genoa, except that it is much larger, and 
more populous ; for, though the Circumference of its 
Walls, exceeds not above feven Italian Miles, yet it has 
very fpacious Suburbs. The Houfes here are generally 
lofty Structures, of Scone, fiat roofed, and covered with 
a certain Flatter, which keeps out the Rain to Admira- 
tion. Its Situation is fo far to the South, and that un- 
der Hills, would make the Heat excelTive here, were 
it not for the conttant Breezes of Wind about Noon, 
which fo cool the Air, that, except two or three Days, 
we found the Weather temperate enough, even at our 
Return, which was in June, when it rain’d very hard 
three feveral times, though they look’d upon it as ex- 
traordinary : For want of Rain, they have a Way of 
cooling the Streets every Day, by drawing through them 
a Tun, with Water, in a Cart, which has many Holes 
in it. The Dialed of the common People here, is far 
different from the Eufcane, and not very intelligible. 
Provifions, but efpecially Fruit, is very cheap here, and 
among the reft, we faw the Cucurbit a anguina, Cucumis 
anguinus. Mala infana, and Limoncelle, fold in the Mar- 
ket. All the Neapolitans, and generally the Italians, 
drink their Wine and Water fnowed, by putting the 
Veffels in which the Wine is, into another full of Snow 
or Ice, which is the Reafon, that it is not only fold in 
Stalls all over the Town, but they carry alfo fmall Bar- 
rels, with Snow Water on their Backs, crying. Snowed 
cr Iced Water to be fold. 
Beltranus tells us, there are i6o Religious Houfes of 
all Sorts in Naples, viz. 12 1 for Monks, and 39 for 
Women, which maintain 12421 Perfons. This City 
is defended, or rather bridled, by four Cattles, viz. 
by the Cafile d* Ovo, built on a Rock in the Sea, with 
an artificial Caufeway leading to it ; the Ca/lle St. Elmo, 
feated on a Hill above the City ; Caltle Novo, for the 
Security of the Harbour and Galleys, which lie near it ; 
and the Torrione di Carmine, being only a Tower be- 
lono-ing to a Convent of the Carmelites, but famous for 
its having ferved as a Retreat to the Rebels, under 
Majfaniello. 
Naples is famous for the Beauty of its Churches, 
which are generally fumptuous, fome of them not only 
paved with Marble, but alfo the Walls covered with 
it. Of all Things that ever I faw of this Nature, I 
•never met with any that exceeds the Convent of the 
Cartbufians, adjoining to the Cattle of St. Elmo, having 
a fpacious fquare Court, with the fineft Cloifter round 
it that ever was feen. The Pillars, as well as the Pave- 
ment of the Portico's, are of Marble of feveral Colours, 
fo curioufly wrought and polifhed, and fo neatly kept, 
that it cannot but furprize thofe that behold it. The 
Granary of Naples is alfo worth the Obfervation of a 
curious Traveller, both for its Extent and Convenien- 
cies : They told us that there was generally laid up as 
much Corn, as would fuffice the whole City for feveral 
Years, in Cafe of Neceflity ; and that the Bakers of 
Naples are obliged to buy 25000 Eomoli (Bufhels) of 
Corn out of it every Month, at a certain Rate, which 
indeed enhances the Price of Bread, but makes Room 
for the laying up of new Corn, which is every Day 
turned in the Store-houfe, by a great Number of Men 
kept for that Purpofe. 
The whole Kingdom of Naples is divided into twelve 
Provinces ; the Nobility are dittinguiftied into five 
Seggi or Societies, viz. of Capua,, Nido, Montagna^ 
Porta, and Porta nova % compofed of 87 Princes, 12^ 
Dukesj 1 59 Marqueflfes, and feven Earls. It has in all 
20 Arbifliopricks, and 122 Biftiopricks (to 30 of which 
the King of Spain only nominates ; j and 148 Cities, 
(i) The Province of Eerra di lavoro, (the ancient 
pania felix) has fourteen Cities, arnong which Capua', 
Gaeta, Pozzuoli, Apuino and Averfa, are the Chief. (2) 
Principato Citra, containing eighteen Cities ; among 
them, Campagna, Capri, in the lile Caprea, famous for 
the Retirement of 'Tiberius Cafar, Cappaccia, Laurino, 
&c. (3) Principato ultra, which has fourteen Cities, 
as, Benevento, Avellino, Sr. Angelo de Lombardi, Alonte 
marino, &c. (4) Bafilicata, containing eleven Cities, as, 
Lavello, Polycafiro, Venofa, Monte pelofo, &c. {f) Ca- 
labria Citra, which has 12, as, Mantea, Paola, Mont- 
alto, St. Marco, &c. (6) Calabria Ultra, fixteen, as, 
Reggio, (the Ancients Rhegium) Belicafiro, Montilene, 
Melito, Nicoterra, &c. {g) Terra d' Otranto, fourteen, 
as, Gallipoli, Brindift, Otranto (the ancient Hydruntum) 
Cajiro, &c. (8) Terra di Bari, fixteen, as, Andria, 
Barletta, a very ftrong Place, Bifeglia, Polignano or Pu- 
tignano. (9) Abruzzo Citra, has five only, viz. Chietig 
Sulmona, Benevento, Borrelle, and Ortona. (10) Abruzzb 
Ultra, has alfo no more than five, viz. Aquila, Atri, 
Campli, Civita di Peuna, 2LndTeramo. (ri) Contado di 
Molijt, has four, Bojano Guardia, Alferes, Ifernia, and 
Trivento. {12) Capitanata, contains thirteen, Mon- 
te St. Angelo, Afcoli, Lucera, Sandlo Severo, Man- 
fredonia, &c. Among this great Number of Cities, are 
many which can’t compare with the beft Sort of our 
Villages in England. 
Hearth-Money is a cuftomary Tax in the Kingdom 
of Naples, each Hearth paying fifteen Carolines (about 
feven Shillings Englifj) to the King, except the Sclavo- 
nians, who pay but eleven Carolines a Year, the whole 
Tax, deducting what is to be abated for privileged 
Places, amounts to 6,554,873 Ducats and fix Carolines 
per Annum. The Tax, with the Feudatories pay yearly,^ 
inttead of perfonal Services, amounts to 120568 Du- 
cats, befides feveral other Excifes and Taxes, the whole 
Revenue then amounting yearly to 2,996,937 Ducats, 
three Carolines, and fourteen Grains. 
We had the Curiofity to vifit the Philofophic Aca- 
demy of Virtuofi at one of their Meetings, which was 
then every Wednefday ; in the Palace of the noble Mar- 
quis Arena, a truly courteous and obliging Perfon ; there 
were not above fifteen or fixteen of the Members pre- 
fent, but triple the Number of other Perfons. They 
fhewed an Experiment of the Waters attending above 
its Level, in flender Tubes, upon which, after they had 
difcourfed a-while, three of the Society m.ade an Ha- 
rangue each had ftudied on Purpofe, upon a certain 
Subjedt ; upon which fome Arguments having been 
railed pro and con, they concluded the Meeting. I 
mutt confefs that I was not a little furprifed to fee fuch 
a Company of learned Men, in a Place, where I was 
of Opinion, they would fcarce allow a reafonable La- 
titude of Judgment ; and I mutt give them their Due, 
that they were not only well acquainted with the beft 
and moft refined Authors of the immediately preceed- 
ing Age, fuch as Galilei Galileo, Des Cartes, Gajfendus, 
Harvey, Verulam, &c, but alfo with thofe furviving in 
the prefent Age, as Mr. Boyle, Sir George Ent, Dr. 
Glijfon, Dr. Willis, Dr. Wharton, Mr. Hobbs, Mr. Hoek„ 
Monfieur Pecquet, &c. 
April 24. We went by Water to Pozzuolo called by (the 
Ancitnis Puteoli) where the Country People brought us 
Abundance of Shells, dry’d Hippocampi, ancient Me^ 
dais and EntagUa, nay, painted Glafs to fell, which 
they faid, they had raked out of the Sea. Near this 
Place you fee many Arches of Stone reaching a good 
Way into the Sea, which has given Birth to that Opi- 
nion, that thefe are the Remnants of the Beginning of 
Caligula's Bridge over the Bay, and that from the Ex- 
tremity of this Pile to Baja, the reft of the Bridge 
was made up of Veffels faftned together, and kept by 
Anchors on both Sides. But to me this feems to be 
the Ruins of a Mole or Peer, intended for the Secu- 
rity of the Harbour, becaufe upon every Peer, is to be 
feen 
