Chap. II L through the State 
Athanaf. Kircher has written a whole Treatife. 6. 
That of St. Mahuto, near the Jefuits Church, is only a 
Piece of the Top of an Obelisk, placed upon four rude 
Stones ; it has fome Hieroglyphicks, 7. That in the 
Garden of Medicis, is alfo no more than a Piece of the 
Top of an Obelisk, full of Hieroglyphicks, placed 
upon a Bafe, without an Infcription. 8. That in the 
Garden of the Mattel is but very fmall, and broken in 
two Pieces ; the uppermoft has to the Top Hierogly- 
phicks, but the JoWer Piece none. 9. In the Court of 
the Palace of the Prince of Palejlrina^ you fee an O^ 
belisk lying upon the Ground, broken in three Pieces, 
with Hieroglyphicks j it feems to have been much long- 
er. 10. Roma antica makes Mention of an Obelisk 
Handing at the Foot of the Stairs in the Palace of the 
JJrJlni, in the Campo di flore, but we did not fee it. 
II. We were alfo credibly informed, that an Obelisk, 
bigger than any of thofe erecfted already at Rome, and 
fuppofed to be entire, was lying under a Row of Houfes 
in the Campus martius. 
Among all thefe Obelisks, thofe that are engraven 
with Hieroglyphicks are of the fime Kind of Stone, 
m%, of a hard Marble of a mingled Colour, red and 
white, which in fo many Ages has not undergone the 
leaf!; Alteration by the Weather : Their Figure is taper- 
wile, lelTening by Degrees from the Bafis to the Center, 
yet fo as that they don’t terminate in a Point ; but when 
they are come to that Degree, as to be too fmall to 
have any Hieroglpyhicks engraven upon them, the 
Tops are made in the Form of an obtufe Pyramid. It 
is the general Opinion, and not without a great deal of 
Probability, that the Hieroglyphicks upon thefe Obe- 
Jiks, from the Bottom to the Top, are by Degrees 
greater and greater, which makes the uppermoft ap- 
pear of the fame Bignefs with the lowermoft. 
Of Triumphal Arches are yet remaining that of Septi- 
mius Severus, that of R’itus Vefpajlan, that of Conjiantine 
the Great, that erected in Honour of Antoninus, Septi- 
fniuAs Son, and that of Gallienus and Salonica, called 
the Arch of St Vito. We could not find out the Arch 
in the Via Flaminia, called Arco di Portugallo, in Roma 
mtka, where you may fee the inferiptions and Places 
of thofe Arches. 
, There are four Pillars yet remaining, the Co- 
lumna milliaria, which anciently flood in the Forum Ro- 
manum in the Center of the City, this being the Mark 
from whence they ufed to count their Miles by a cer- 
tain Stone fet up at every Mile’s End, this Statue being, 
toward the Top, marked with the Letter I, of a con- 
liderable Bignefs, as the fecond Stone at the firft Mile’s 
End was marked with II, and fo further ; fo that ad 
fecundum lapidem fignified at one Mile’s Diftance from 
this Pillar, ad tertium two, and fo on. It is of no con- 
fiderable Bignefs, and now placed on one Side of the 
Area of the Capitol. The Columna rojirata in the Fo- 
rum Romanum, ereded to C. Duilius, in Memory of the 
Viilory obtained over the Carthaginians at Sea ; the old 
and long Infcription, which was much defaced, is fup- 
plied in many Places. 
The Column of Frajan, of white Marble, which re- 
mains ftanding ever fince its firft Eftablifliment, being 
one hundred and twenty eight Foot high, and the Bafe 
twelve ; within it you afeend to the Top by a Pair of 
winding Stairs of One hundred and ninety two Steps, 
having forty four fmall Windows to give Light •, the 
whole Fabrick is compofed of no more than twenty 
four entire Stones, each Stone having eight Steps. An 
Helical Area compaffes the Pillar from Top to Bottom, 
in Manner of a Screw, on which are carv’d the A6tions 
of Frajan in his Expedition againft the Dacians. The 
Pedeftal, which was buried under Ground, was laid 
open again by Pope Paul III. and has the following In- 
fcription : 
S. P. ^ R. 
Imp. Catfari Divi Nervre F. Nerva Frajano Aug. Germ. 
Dacico, Pont, maxmo, Frib. Potefi XVI. Imp. VI. 
Cof. VI. PP. ad declarandum quanta altitudinis mons 
L? locus tantis operibus fit egefius. 
\ 
The Column of Antoninus.^ much like the former, is 
(?/ V E N I C E, ^C. 679 
one hundred and feventy five Foot high, has two hiiil» 
dred and fix Steps within, and fifty fix fmall Windows I 
Being miferably broken and defaced, Pope Sixtus V * 
mended and reftored it. 
There are but two Maufotaa remaining^ viz, that of 
Augufius^ and the Moles of Adrian, now called the 
Caftle of St. Angeloi Of Altar-ftones, Grave-ftonesj 
and other Stones with Inferiptions, there is vaft Variety 
all over the City : And of ancient Medals and Entag^ 
lie, there are dug up daily, which are fold in the Shops 
and Stalls in the Market-places, and great Numbers of 
them are preferv’d in the Colle( 5 lions of the Virtuoji % 
where, as well as in the Gardens and Palaces of Perfohs 
of Quality, you may fee great Quantities of fepulchral 
Urns of different Shapes and Bignefs, fome of Stone, 
others of Earth. 
Among the Antiquaries of Rome, who have confi- 
derable Colleftions of thefe before-mentioned Things^ 
as well as of facrificing Veffels and Inftruments, La- 
chrymal Urns, ancient Lamps, Rings, Fibula^ Fejfera 
hofpitalitatis. Weights, Leonardus Aguuftinus, the 
Pope’s Antiquary, and John Retro Bellori, deferve to be 
prefer’d before the reft ; that worthy and ingenious 
Gentleman Cavalier Carlo Antonio del Pozzo, fliewed us 
twenty Volumes in Folio, containing the Figures of moft 
of the Antiquities in and about Rome, drawn by the 
Hand with great Exaftnefs % and among the reft, we 
took Notice of the Crepundia Veterum, being Nothing 
elfe but little Images of Earth refembling Children, 
Apes, Hares, hFc. found in Urns. Of Weights, we 
faw fome in the Collecftion of Leonardus Augufiinus, 
made of a dark-red Stone well polifh’d, of the Shape 
of a Holland Cheefe, of divers Magnitudes, marked 
on one Side with the Number of Ounces or Pounds ic 
contained. Of thefe Weights, I faw two as big as a 
large Holland Cheefe, in the Church of %t. is£,ria in 
Cofmedin, called Schola Graca, and two more in the 
Church of St. Maria in Frajlevere, of which they have 
a Tradition, that they ufed to tie them to the Martyrs 
Feet, to ftretch and torment them. In the laft-men- 
tioned Colledion, we faw alfo a Medal, with the Fi- 
gure of a Falus on one Side, and this Infcription on 
the other 5 ^i ludit arrham del quod fatis fit : The 
Fritillus, or Dice-box of the Ancients, like ours % 
the Strigiles, a Medal that ufed to be hung about the 
Slaves Necks, having on one Side the Figure of a 
She- Wolf giving Suck to Romulus and Remus, and 
on the other, in three concentrical Circles, thefe Words, 
Fene me ne fugiam, Gd revoca me in for 0 Frajani purpu- 
retica ad Pafcqfium Dominum meum. A Drinking-glafs 
like a Priapus, of which the Poet, Vitreo bibit ilk 
Priapo. The ancient Roman Timbrel, not unlike our 
modern ones. 
_ 27. Rornei^ near thirteen Miles in Circumference, but 
did to us appear not to be fo populous as Venice, Mi- 
lan, or Naples, as comprehending a great deal of wafts 
Ground : The Number of its Inhabitants is generally 
believed to be 120,000 Souls, without Strangers, of 
which there are great Numbers here j it extends now- 
adays below the Hills into the Valley by the River-fide, 
being generally well-built, the Streets ftreight, and . 
beautified with many Palaces, Monafteries and Churches, 
of which, they fay, there are above three hundred. 
Provifions are not fo cheap here as at Florence or Na- 
ples, yet have they great Plenty of them, and exceed- 
ing good, their Beef being not inferior to ours in Eng- 
land. Before they kill their Beafts, they hunt them as 
we do our Bulls. Their fucking Veal they prefer be- 
fore all of that Kind in Europe ; and their Kid or Ca- 
prette, and Pork, is alfo excellent good Meat \ but 
their Mutton is tough and dry. For tame Fowl -they 
may compare with any Parr of Europe both in Quanti- 
ty and Goodnefs, <viz. Hens, Capons, Turkies, tame 
Pigeons, Cfr. Geefe they have in no great Plenty, but 
wild Fowl is very cheap, and that of the beft Sort, fuch 
as Partridges, of two Kinds, the common and red-leg- 
ed ones. Woodcocks, Snipes, Duck and Mallard, 
Wigeon, Teal, Quails, Plover, hAc. befides what is 
fold in the Small-bird Marker, of Thrulhes, Bkck- 
birds. Larks, Cfr. nay, even Robin-red- breafts. Finches 
