aCi 
Mr. W illoughby’j' Travels 
Book II. 
CHAPTER IV. 
Containing Travels through Spain^ France and Navarre^ with 
Defcriptions of the feveral Provinces and lefler Diftri6Is of thofe 
great Countries j of the chief Cities and Ports in them, and of 
the Commodities and Manufa£fures, for which they are principally 
famous, 
S E C T I O N I. 
iTie Travels of Francis Willoughby, Efq-, through the Kingdom of Spain ; isoith Ob. 
Jervations on the Climate and Soil, as well as Produce of the Country ; Accounts 
of natural Curiofties, remarkable Infcripiions, principal Commodities and Ma. 
nufaBures, and of the Temper, Genius and Cufoms of the Spanilli Nation. In- 
terjperfed with Jome Remarks by another Hand. 
I. An IntroduBory Account of what is to be expeBed in the following SeBion. 2. T"he Author begins his 
fourney from the County of Roufiilon, and enters the Kingdom oj Spain through a very barren and 
defart Country, A large Defcription of the Manner of Gathering., as alfo an Account of the Ufes and 
Value of Coral. 3. TChe Country of Catalonia dejcribedy as alfo the remarkable Mine of Amethyfts, 
at the Hill of St. Sigminont. 4. Of the Salt Mines both white and red in this Province ; and of the 
famous Dutchy of Cardona. 5. An Account of the Lead-Mines in Catalonia, and of the poor living 
and wretched Condition of the Inhabitants. The City of Tortola, the Jafper Mines., and other Lhings 
remarkable in the Author's 'Journey to the Banks of the River Ebro. 6. A curious and copious Ac- 
count of the City and Kingdom of Valentia ; the Univerfty there, and of the very low State of Learn- 
ing therein. 7. An Account of the Sugar Works at Olives and at Gandia, and of the great Fertility 
of the adjacent Country. 8. Obfervdtions made by our Author in his Lravels through the Kingdom of 
Murcia, the Poverty of the Country, and grofs Ignorance and Superfition of the People. 9. A De- 
fcription of the Kingdom -and City of Granada, and of the mofl remarkable Places in its Neighbour- 
hood. 10. Lhe Author proceeds to the famous City of Sevil, an Account of the mofl remarkable Things 
there, with two famous Infcriptions to the Honour of Ferdinand the Wife, and the Family of the great 
Columbus. II. Of the Country from Sevil to Madrid, including a Defcription of the City of Cor- 
dova, and feveral other Places. 12. The Author's Arrival at, and Defcription of Toledo, his Jour- 
ney from thence to the capital City of Madrid, with an Account of what he faw mofl remarkable there. 
13. His Journey from thence to Burgos, and from that City to the Province of Guipufcoa, 14. An 
Account of the Principality of Bifcay, and a particular Defcription of the flrong Town and Port oJ 
Sebaftian. 15. A very large and entertaining Account of the Difpofltion, Manners, Cufioms, Pe- 
cularities, good and bad ^alities, &c. of the Spaniards. 16. Some additional Remarks by another Hand 
. 1 7. Conclufion of the SeBion, and fome Objervations on the mofl remarkable Paflages therein. 
T he great Defire Mr. Willoughby had to tra- 
vel through and examine fuch Countries as 
were leaft like his own, that his Obfervati- 
ons and Remarks might furnifli him with a 
Greater Variety, was the Occafion of this Journey into 
\dn, in which he parted from Mr. Ray, and the reft 
of his Company, and joined with fome other Englijh 
Gentlemen who were refolved to make the Tour of that 
Country. It may not be amifs to inform the Reader, 
that, from the Time of King Charles^ Voyage to that 
Country, while Prince of Wales, in Hopes of Marry- 
ing the Infanta, the Englifh Nation had acquired fo 
ftrong, and fo univerfal a Diftike both to the Country, 
and to the People, that very few of our Gentlemen that 
went Abroad, inclined to vifit k ; fo that we had but 
very indifferent Accounts of what was remarkable there, 
as may be feen, by confulting the Books of Geography, 
printed here of an elder Date. After the Reftoration 
a very different Spirit prevailed. King Charles the le- 
cond, during his Exile, had travelled much, and among 
other Countries vilited this, and frequently difcourfed 
of the Singularities he had feen there, and of the odd 
Humour and uncouth Difpofltion of the People. Thefe 
Difcourfes of the King’s, railed the Curiofity of many, 
and excited in them a Defire of viewing Places they 
had otherwife never wifhed to fee, and converfing with 
People for whom they had long had both an Averfion 
and Contempt. But befides there were other Reafons 
that induced Perfons of very different Tempers to 
think at this Time, a Journey through Spain might af- 
ford Matter of Inftrucftion, as well as Amufement, 
which was the Cafe of Mr. Willoughby, who had heard 
that there were various Mines and Manufaftures, as 
well as a Multitude of natural Curiofities in that Country, 
which might very well juftify the fpending a few Months^ 
in furveying and committing to Paper, an Account of 
them. 
