7^0 , Dr. B R o w N E' j mveh Book II. 
Danule : Its Floods often do confiderable Mifchief to 
the City, though at other Times it is fo fhallow and 
narrow, that one may ftep over it : It divides Part of 
the Suburbs from the Body of the City, the former are 
very fpacious and full of fine Houfes, Gardens, Walks, 
and other Conveniencies. The Body of the City is well 
fortified, being feparated from the Suburbs by a fair Ef- 
planade, defcending in an open Ground for 300 Paces. 
Its Fortifications are after the modern Way, composM 
of ten Baftions to the Land-fide, and a very deep Ditch, 
which though it be kept continually dry, for Fear the 
Water fhould fpoil the Cellars, which are very deep here, 
yet they can let the Danube into it at Pleafure. It has 
two Baftions toward the Water, on the North-fide of the 
Town. The Baftions are very large, the whole Forti- 
fication of a great Breadth, well faced with Brick, and 
edged with Free Stone. Befides, which it has an old 
inward Wall, built with the Ranfome of our King 
Richard I. who was detain’d Prifoner there, in his Re- 
turn from the Holy War. 
The whole Circumference, Suburbs and all, takes up 
a great Trad of Ground j but the Fortifications of the 
City don’t exceed three EngUJh Miles, but is exceeding 
populous, nothing being more delightful than to fee 
‘Turks, Tartars, Greeks, Tranfilvanians, Sclavonians, 
Hungarians, Croatians, Spaniards, Italians, French, Ger- 
mans, R danders, all in their own Country Habits. It 
has fix Gates, Tiz. i. The Stuben Gate to the Eaft. 
2. The Carinthian Gate to the South. 3. The Cajile 
Gate. 4. Scotch 5. Th.Q New Gate. And, 
6. The Red Tower Gate, to the Northward, leading to 
the ' Bridge over the Danube ; befides which there is a 
Port by the Emperor’s Palace, towards the Water-fide : 
There is a certain Nunnery in the Town, call’d Himmel 
Fort, or the Gate of Heaven. The five firft of thefe 
Gates are vaulted through the Town-Wall, with con- 
venient Draw- Bridges to pafs the Ditch. The fixth is 
a Paftage under a Tower, towards the Bridge of the 
Danube For as that River runs through a low Country, 
it divides itfelf into feven fmall Channels, which are 
join’d by as many Bridges made of many thoufand 
Trees laid clofe one to another. There is a very re- 
markable Bridge at Vienna call’d the High Bridge, made 
by the crofting of two Streets by equal Angles ; but the 
Ground in one Street being equal in Height to the 
Tops of the Houfes of the other, they have been for- 
ced to build a Bridge or Arch in the lowermoft Street, 
to let the upper pafs over it. For the reft, the Houfes 
here are of Stone, for the moft Part fix Stories high, 
and flat-rooPd after the Italian Manner,; the Streets are 
of a middle Size, neither broad nor narrow : Their 
Cellars are worth a curious Traveller’s Obfervation ; in 
fomse of them I found four Cellars one under another, 
well arched, with two Pair of Stairs to go into them. 
In fome I obferved an open Space in the Middle of 
each Roof, for the Reception of the Air, and from the 
loweft a lube, to convey the Air into it out of the Street, 
much after the fame Manner as they do in the Mines. 
I can’t here pafs by the Encomium Mneas Sylvius 
gives of Vienna ; viz. That it has Palctces fit for Kings, 
and Churches which Italy may admire : Which is much 
better verified now. For the Imperial Palace is a truly 
noble Struflurc, and excellently well furnifii’d ; it has 
two Courts, one very large, the other lefs, where the 
Emperor’s Lodgings are. Over the Gate you fee no 
other Infcription but the five Vowels in Capital Letters, 
viz. A, E, I,0,U\ which fome have interpreted thus ; 
Aujlri^e Ejl Imperare Orbi Univerfio ; though I am apt to 
imagine, that this is not the true Senfe of thefe Letters. 
There is befides the two before- mentioned Courts, ano- 
ther fmall one, where are the Lodgings of the Pages ; 
where I took Notice of a large rough Jafpis Stone, of 
about nine Boot Diameter, which lay unregarded upon 
the Ground, though a little Piece that was polifhed, 
fliewed that it was full of beautiful yellow, red, black, 
and white Veins : It was a Prefent of the Archbifnop of 
Saltzburg, in whofe Territories are noble Quarries, and 
Slones of feveral Sorts. Next to this the Palace of the 
Count de Draun, and that of Count Rotbal, lately built; 
with feveral others, are very confiderable. This City 
has alfo noble Churches, and rich Convents ; as for In- 
ftance ; Thofe of the Carmelites, of the Francifcans, of 
the Benedidines, and of St. Nicholas : In the Church of 
the laft I faw the Tombs of Count Strozzi and Cardinal 
Harrach. The Convent of the Dominicans is a very fair 
Strudlure t The Church of the Aufiin Friars is very 
large, and has in the Middle a Chapel, the Model of 
which was taken from t\iQ Holy Houfie ofi Loretto \ the 
Top being adorn’d with many Colours taken from the 
Turks and Tartars ; various of which were not fquare, 
but Efcutcheon-wife, fome full of Circles, with Half- 
moons within them. 
The Jefuits Colleges are all vefy fair and fpacious here j 
the F ront of their College, which faces the Piazza, has a 
Statue, or Column of Copper, belonging to it, which 
ftands in the Centre of the Market-place, refting upon 
a Pedeftal of white Stone, with four Angels, Efcutche- 
ons, and the blefled Virgin on the Top : It has alfo di- 
vers Infcriprions, by which the Emperor dedicates Au- 
ftria to her Patronage and ProtedHon. 
When I came into the Seotch Convent, it raifed no 
fmall Curiofity in me to know how the Scotch became fo 
confiderable here, till I was' inform’d, that Vienna had 
been many Ages ago a Receptacle of the Scots, in their 
Pilgrimages to Jerufialem ; and that Colman, a Saint in 
high Veneration in thofe Parts, was not only a Scotch- 
man, but alfo defcended of the Blood Royal of Scotland, 
and barbaroufly murthered by the Peafants at Stockerau, 
four German Miles from Vienna ; who hung his Body on a 
Tree, where it remained uncorrupted a Year and a half, 
and after many Miracles was buried at Stockerau, and from 
thence removed firft to Melk, and afterwards 'mio Hungary, 
where it was preferved for a long Time after at Alba 
Regalis, or Stulweiffenburg. The Church of Sc. Peter 
is highly efteem’d for its Antiquity, being the oldeft in 
the City, and built in the fame Place where ftood before 
the Altar dedicated loDomitian, called Ara Flaviana. 
In the Cathedral of St. Stephen are many fumptuous 
Monuments of Princes, and other great Perfons : It is 
a very noble Fabrick, but none of the higheft, by Rea- 
fon of the Paintings of the Glafs Windows ; it is covered 
only with Tiles of Wood, yet makes no ill Shew. But 
what is moft worth Obfervation, is the Steeple and Spire, 
high, large, ftrong, and nobly built; It has on the 
Top, inftead of a Weather- cock, a Crofs under a Star 
and Half-moon, well gilded ; This Star and Half-moon 
was, as they relate, put upon this Spire by Order of 
Solyman the Magnificent, who when he had befieged the 
City, offered to fpare the Cathedral, provided they would 
fet upon the Top the Turkijh Arms, viz. the Half-moon 
and Star ; which the Citizens comply’d with. This 
Spire has the largeft Crockets I ever faw, being above a 
Yard long, and adorned with Foliage Work. The 
Steeple is accounted 465 Foot high ; 1 went up half 
Way by 338 Steps; whence I could fee the Hamburger 
Hill, near Prejburg, and the Courfe of the Danube 
through a great Part of Aufiria. 
In the Room where I was, they had wooden Ham- 
mers, which they make Ufe of from Good- Friday till 
Eaft er- Sunday, the Ufe of Bells being forbidden during 
the Time our Saviour was in the Grave. In the laft 
Siege the Crefcent on the Top of the Steeple was fliot 
down, and has nor been put up again there. Near one 
of the Doors of the Church is a Stone fix’d into the Wall, 
which they believe to be one of thofe wherewith Sc. 
Stephen was ftoned to Death : It looks like a Pebble, and 
is very fmooch, by the frequent Rubbing of the People, 
who touch it with their Fingers when they go to Church, 
I was fhewn another Stone, which they faid, was one of 
thofe that kill’d St. Stephen in St. Saturnine’^ Church, at ' 
Thouloufe in France. Befides many Monuments of great 
Perfons, which are in the Church of St. Stephen, there are 
alfo feveral Tombs of Men famous for their Learning, 
as of Joh. Faber, Biftiop of Vienna ; Jo. Cufipmanus, and 
Sebafiianus Tengnagelius, the laft of which, according- to 
the Infcription, was verfed in fifteen Languages. 
The Univerfity of Vienna may alfo challenge the Pre- 
ference before moft others, in Refpedl of its Antiquity, 
the Number of Students, their Accommodations and 
Privileges, Albertus the Third is reputed the Founder, 
above 
I 
