Chap. V. Hungary, Thessaly, Macedonia, 771 
as alfo a large Stone (being part of a Pillar) with this 
Infcription, S HANC. Not far without the City you 
fee a molt noble Aquedudl of Stone, from one Hill to 
another, over the interjacent Valley ; It has about 200 
Arches, and is a noble Piece of Antiquity. The Coun- 
try hereabouts has been the Field of Great Adlions in 
the Roman Times ; here Regillianus did fuch mighty 
Feats, that he deferved a Triumph. Hereabouts 
flood alfo Paracopolis, and Ulpianum. This City drives 
a confiderable Trade with Belgrade and Salonichi^ which 
is the old Thejjalonica. 
The Sanziack of Servia is under the Jurifdidlion of 
the Beglerheg of Rumelia^ or Greece ; as our Geographers 
generally mention this Place as a very confiderable one, 
fo I thought fit to give a more particular Account of it. 
From hence we went on to CatJJjanich^ a Fortrefs com- 
manding the PafTage of the Hills, and travelling on 
reach’d the Plains of CoUova in Bulgaria^ known lor 
the great Adfions perform’d here, though not much 
exceeding Lincoln Heath. .Some take it to be the Cam- 
pus Merula. Here it was that Lazarus^ Defpot of Ser- 
via^ at the Head of 500000 Men (the greateft Chriftian 
Army that ever was brought into the Field) was worfted 
by Amurath., and he flain in the Field nor was he fur- 
viv’d long by Amurath., who viev/ing the dead Bodies, 
was ftabb’d by Michael Cobilovitz^ a Chriftian Soldier, 
left for dead in the Field ; whence this Part, to this Day, 
is call’d, Lhe Field of the Sepulchre^ where a Monument 
is eredfed to the Memory of Amurath. 
In thefe Plains alfo Hunniades engaged three Days fuc- 
ceflively againft Mahomet., but being very unequal in 
Forces, was put to the Rout at laft. 
We travell’d on toPreJlina., a moft beautiful Town ; but 
the Plague being there, we took a Gypfy for our Guide, 
who conducted us through a fruitful Country, but very 
ill peopled, and were much refrefhed with the fair Car- 
nations that grew by the Way. On the right Hand 
we faw a Bath, which we found arched within ; the Wa- 
ter had a red Sediment, and a petrefying juice, as might 
be feen by the grey Stone it had produc’d. It is not 
above two Leagues from Bellachorque, or Cttrfumde^ 
which has a Convent with an old Church near it, with 
two handfome Towers. From hence pafftng over the 
Hill Jafnehatz., we came to EJhelleck, betwixt the two 
Channels of the River Marofh^ and thence by a Caftle 
upon a Hill, near which is a Convent famous in thofe 
Parts for the Sepulchres of Kenez Lazarus, and of St. 
Romanus, whofe Bodies were interred here. But it is 
Time to return to Lariffa. 
Larijfa, the Capital City of Lheffaly, feated by 
the River Peneus (the moft confiderable of this Country) 
has to the North the famous Mount Olyjnpus, and to the 
South Part of the Plains of Theffaly, being inhabited by 
Chrijlians, Turks, and Jews, the firft of which have fe- 
veral Churches here ; it has alfo many fair Bezantens 
or Turkifh Mofques. Its Situation is very pleafant, on a 
rifing Ground, on the upper Part whereof ftands the 
Grand Seignior’s Palace, having large jetting Windows 
on all the four Sides, to give the freer Paflage to the 
Air ; here the Grand Seignior had kept his Court for 
feveral Years, to be nearer to Candia, and for the Con- 
venience of Hunting and Hawking •, he ftaid there for 
lome IMonths after we came away, and then removed 
to Salonichi, and afterwards to Belgrade. ' It is now an 
Archbifhop s See, having divers Suffragan Bifhops under 
it. We went into the Cathedral of St. Achilleus, where 
we faw the reverend Father Dionyfus (who was then 
Archbifhop) handing in his Throne in his Epifcopal 
Habit, and his Crofter in his Fland. The Summer be- 
ing very hot, 1669^ the Grand Seignior retreated for 
two Months to Mount Olympus, to enjoy the frefli Air, 
whence he had a Profpeft of part of the Mgcean Sea ; 
This Removal proved deftrudlive to a great many Peo- 
ple, who being obliged to attend the Court, and being 
overheated by the afeending of fo high a Mountain, 
were fo ftruck by the hidden Alteration of the cold 
Air, chat they dy’d foon after, efpecially fuch as had, 
in their Heat and Thirft, drunk of a certain Spring of 
a whitifh Colour, who were immediately feized with a 
Coldneis at their StomachS} and died in three or four 
Days after. Of Horfes and Camels there alfo died a 
great Number, and the Sultan himfelf was ill for feve- 
ral Days •, he kill’d one of his belt Horfes there, by 
forcing him up a cragged Peak called Pythagon, or Kif-^ 
fagon, where fcarce any Body durft follow iiirri j and 
had he not been with held by the Prayers 01 his belt 
FTiends, he would have leap’d over a Fiffure or Cleft in 
the Rocks. 
17. The zvicltnt Greeks (the beft Romancers in , the 
World, efpecially when they fpeak of their own Coun- 
try) will have Olympus to reach beyond the Clouds, and 
therefore have affign’d Jupiter, and the Gods, their Re- 
fidence thereabout; I am fure I faw Clouds above ir 
and to me fome Parts of the Alps appear’d much higher , 
and in September there was no -Sign of Snow upon Olym- 
pus, whereas the higheft Peaks of the' Alps, Pyrenaan and 
Carpathian Mountains, befides feveral others in Europe, 
are never without it ; of which Olympus alfo had a 
confiderable Share upon the firft Rain tnat fell here- 
abouts ; it being well known, that when it rains in the 
Valleys, it fnows upon thofe and all other high Moun-. 
tains. 
I faw, as I told you, the Olympus at feventy Miles 
Diftance, and it confifts not of one high rifing Peak, as 
fome deferibe it, but is a long Ridge of Mountains, 
ftretching out a great Way in Length : Its Extent from 
Eaft to V/eft makes the Inhabitants, at the Foot of the 
North and South Sides, as fenfible of the Difference of 
the Air, as if they lived in very different Climates \ 
which makes good the Words of Lucan : 
Nee metuens imi Borean hahitator Olympi, 
Lucentetn totis ignorat nodlibus Ardlon, 
Paulus Emylius, the Roman Conful, furprized King 
Perfeus, by marching about this Hill along the Sea- 
fide. At the Siege of Lariffa hy Antiochus, Appius Clau- 
dius, by making Fires on many different Places of Olym- 
pus, fo terrified the King, that he left the Place, and 
the Conful Martius found Means to bring his whole Ar- 
my over this great Mountain. 
Lariffa has been frequently vifited by feveral famous 
Princes ; King Philip oi Mace don, the laft of that Name, 
kept his Refidence here for a confiderable Time. Whe- 
ther Xerxes honour’d this Place with his Prefence, when 
his Army march’d through Theffaly towards ThermopiU, 
the Fliftories of thofe Times do not exprefly mention ; 
but certain it is, that Philip, the Father of Alexander 
the Great, having form’d his Defign againft Greece, 
took the City of Lariffa upon the River Peneus, and af- 
terwards made good Ufe of the Thejfalian FIoXq againft 
the Greeks. Before the Battle of Pharfalia, Scipio was 
quarter’d here with a Legion •, and this was the firft 
Place of the Retreat of Pompey, after his Overthrow | 
according to Lucan : 
Vidit prima turn te/lis Lariffa ruin<^ 
Nobile, nec vidlum fatis caput. 
And going down the River, went out to Sea in a Boat, 
and was taken in by a great Ship which was ready to 
fail. 
The River Peneus rifes from Mount Pindus, which 
running by Lariffa, and being augmented in her Paffag'e 
by feveral ocher Rivers of Theffaly, exonerates itfelf into 
the Sinus Thermavus. or Gulf of Salonichi, paffing by the 
famous Valley of Tempe, and running between Moun'e 
Olympus and OJfa, into the Sea. Over this River, which 
(according to the Deferiprion of Homer) has a very 
clear Scream and Bottom, is a handfome Stone- Bridge, 
fupported by nine Arches, with Holes or Paffages in 
the folid Parcs betwixt the Arches, to afford a Paffacr'e 
to the Water, when the Water rifes high by the Floods. 
The City being then crowded with People, by reafon 
of the Grand Seignior’s Refidence here, many of the 
Turks had fee up their Tents in the lower Grounds near 
the River ; and thefe not coming within a Yard of the 
Ground, afford a free Paffage to the Air, The neareft 
Port of Note unto Lariffa is that of VoUo (the old Pa^ 
gcife) in the Sinus Pagaficus, or Gulf oi Armiro , not 
far 
