Chap. I. 
to the Levant. 
^ f 11 PaHion faint are drunk, laugh them, to the fir ft they meet. This Command is well 
at^PrlvTrs’ embrace a WomL, or touch any naked obferved by them, fo that Beggars in ^urky are very 
« r u ’ fi^PT^ cr Pravers touch a Doo- or any un- rare. And, indeed, they perform great Afts of Cna- 
deTBeaft’ all^ thefe Acddents make ™id the rity in foimding Hofpitals, building Bridges, and Inns 
m“ fo that it rmift be renew’d before they can legally for the Caravans bringing Water into tne Highways, 
„ fetting Slaves at Liberty ; and they that have not Abi- 
The Places of Prayer are their Mofques, which on 
the Outfides are like our Churches. They have by them 
Towers or Minerets, which have a Balcony round them, 
from whence the Muezim call them to Prayers. 
In the Infide there is nothing written, but the Name ot 
God. When they pray they turn toward the South, 
beca'ufe Mecca lies on that 'Side. They have a Pulpit 
for the Imans to preach in, and the whole Mofque is 
cover’d with Matts for the Eafe of the People’s KneeL 
ino-, and Carpets for the better Sort. Their Prayers 
are in an unknown Tongue. They have them five 
Times a Day, viz. at Break of Day, at Noon, betvveen 
three and four a Clock in the Afternoon, at Sun-fetting, 
and about an Hour afterwards in the Evening. On 
Fridays they have Prayers at Nine o’Clock befides, and 
in the Ramadan, or Lent, at Midnight, and all are pre- 
Lent at them, and then they may go to work, or open 
Shops, but moft of them reft and make merry, or vi- 
fit their Friends. ^When the Hour of Prayer is come, 
the Muezim, going up to the Mineret, fings and cries 
with all his Force, putting his Fingers in his Ears, 
AUah Ekher, &c. i. e. God is great, God is great, God ts 
lity to do thefe Things, mend the High-ways, fill the 
Cifterns with Water, and Ihev/ Travellers the Fords 5 
and if offered Money, they refufe it, for they fay, they 
do it for God’-s Sake, and not for Money. Their Cha- 
rity alfo extends to Birds and Beafts, for fome will buy 
Birds in the Market to let them fly, and they believe, 
that the Souls of thofe Birds will one Day teftify their 
Kindnefs to God. Others will leave confiderable Means 
to maintain fo many Dogs and Cats. 
To this Command of Charity may be reduced that 
of forgiving Enemies, not of their State and Religion 
(for thofe their Law obliges them to hate) but their par- 
ticular and private Enemies, And indeed they obferve 
this Law fo well, that there are few Enmities among 
the Turks', for if there happen any Quarrel, they are 
obliged to ufe their utmoft Endeavour to pacify it, and 
commonly they do not defifl till it is. adjufted ; and 
that the Reconciliation may be firm, the Perfons at Dif- 
ference are obliged, before they pray to God on Friday^ 
which is the Weekly Sabbath, to protefl, as in the Pre- 
fence of God, that they freely pardon their Enemies, or 
eife they are taught, that their Prayers will not be heard. 
If the Perfons at Variance will not be reconciled, they 
wear-, hear witnefs there is but one God, and thatM.^'ciomti , . r ^ n r 
i his Probhet ; Come and pre Cent yourfehes to the Mercy of part them by Force, and carry them before the Cadt, 
God, and ask Forgi.enefs of your Sins Gy is ,reai, &c. or feme other Judge who wb three 
and this he does towards the four Corners of the hundred Drubs on the Bottom of their Feet, and make 
World, beginning at the South, and ending at the 
Weft. 
While he is crying, every one goes to the AbdeH, 
and then to the Mofque, or if they cannot go, fay their 
Prayers at Home. They leave their Shoes at the Door 
of the Mofque, or carry them in their Hands with 
them. When they are entred they bow to the KeUe, 
i.e. a Nich in the Southern Wall, and then go to their 
Seats, and wait till the Iman or Prelate begin Prayers, 
and then join with him. In praying the Men lift up 
their Hands to their Shoulders, and then lay them up- 
them pay two or three thoufand AfperSi The Severity 
of thefe Punifhments generally keep the Turks fo much 
within the Bounds of their Duty, that they feldom 
quarrel, or injure one another nay, they do not fuffer 
themfelves to be tranfporred with PalTion, or to fwear. 
10. The fifth Commandment of the Turks is to go 
to Mecca, which is the worft obey’d of any of them, 
becaufe feveral for Want of Money, and others by 
their Affairs, are hindered from going fo tedious a Pil- 
grimage j yet many go yearly, and fuch are reverenced 
ever after under the Name of Hagies, or Pilgrims, and 
on 
their Navels, and the Women lift up their Hands others get ready to do it. Next to thefe Command- 
but half-way, and clap them on their Breafts. When 
Prayers are ended, they bowe both to the right and left 
Side, as to the two Angels, Kerim, and Ki-atib, When 
they are at Prayers they are fo attentive, that they will 
turn neither this Way nor that. They never talk in 
their Mofques, but carry themfelves always with great 
Reverence. They are but few who go not every Day 
ments they have feveral Prohibitions, which they can- 
not break without Sin, as, i. To make, or have any 
Figures of Man, Woman or Beaft j and this they ob- 
ferve fo ftridtly, that they are angry at the Sight of 
any, and though they are great Lovers of Watches 
and Clocks, yet if they have any Figure on them, they 
will not accept of them, though given. 2. To lend 
to Prayers at Noon, Afternoon and Night, for if they Money upon Ufury, and they are careful to abftain 
obferve not thefe three Hours they are punilh’d feverely, from it, but they will make Bargains that differ little from 
and this they muft do in Travelling. All their Prayers it. 3. To forbear unclean Meats, as Hogs, and fuch 
do not laft above half an Hour at rnoft, and feldom 
above a Quarter. They are commonly of a very ordi- 
nary Compofure, efpecially in, the leffer Mofques, and 
upon ordinary Days •, but during the Ramadan, and 
upon high Days, they are fomething better. 
The Mahometans, during the Time of their Prayers, 
obferve a grave Silence and a modeft Deportment, kneel- 
ing till the Prayers begin, and then joining with the 
Iman in repeating the Prayers foftly after him, and imi- 
tating his Geftures with Kneeling and Proftrations, 
which are more or lefs, according to the Hours *, for in 
the Morning and Afternoon they ufe but fix, but at 
Noon, Night and Evening, eight. When thefe are 
finilhed, fome Chorifters get up into the Galleries, and 
fing in Parts a Sort of, an Anthem of an indifferent 
good Air. On Mondays, Wednefdays and Fridays, a 
Preacher mounts the Pulpit, to explain fome Point or 
Creatures as the JsSWS account unclean ; and this they 
ftriftly keep, and fome will rather ftarve than eat of 
them. 4. Not to drink Wine, but this they fay, was 
only a Council of Mahomet, and fo they often drink it, 
and are drunk 5 yet if any Wine be fpilt upon their 
Cloaths, the greateft^ Drunkard will labour to get out 
the Stain, and the moft ferupufous will wear them no 
more, left they be found guilty off Sin. 
II. The Turks have their Clergy, 4 s all other Reli-' 
gions have, to refolve their Doubts, and celebrate divine 
Service. They continually ftudy the Alcoran, and are 
moft of them knowing Men. The chief Ecclefiaftick 
is the Mufti, whom they reverence as much as the Ro-^ 
manifts do the Pope. He is chofen by the Grand Sig- 
nior, and is always a learned Man in their Way, i. e. 
much verfed in the Alcoran, for he refolves all Matters 
of Confcience, and gives his Decifions in little Writs, 
other of the which he underftands and expounds cdWtd. Feft a, to which even the Sultan himfeif muft 
as he thinks fit. Any one may be prefent at thefe Ser- ftand, but by adding thefe Words, God is the heft 
mons, as well as thofe made in the Market-place. Judge, he ftiews that he pretends not to Infallibility, 
They conclude all with fome Prayers for the Sultan and He is married, and had in fo great Veneration, that 
the Succefs of his Armies j to which all the People the Grand Signior rifes to meet him and falute him 
fay. Amen. when he comes to Court. It is unlawful by their Law 
p. The 4th Command is Charity, to give the fortieth to put the MufH to Death, yet fome Emperors have 
Part of their Goods to their Kindred, if they have any, done it. There is but one Mufti, and his Refidence is 
and if not, to their poor Neighbours, and for want of ordinarily at where finding Bufinefs enough, 
VoL. IL NS 124. 9 FI ■ 'the 
