Chap. II. 
into Persia. 
From Com he travelled Four Leagues over very fertile 
Plains, abounding with fine Villages, to Cajfem-abad^ 
a Town confiding of about 300 Houfes, belonging to 
the Queen-Mother, as her Dowry, from whence he 
pafled over a dry fandy Plain, without Villages or Wa- 
ter, to AUjhirm^ or Sweet Water, becaufe there is a 
Fountain of fair Water, and went from thence to Cajhan. 
21. This City is feated in a large Plain, near an high 
Mountain, a League in Length, and a Qiiarter of a 
League in Breadth, running out from Eaft to Weft in 
Form of an Half-Moon. There is no River near the 
City, but it is fupplied with Water by Canals, deep 
Wells, and Cifterns. It is encompafled with a double 
Wall, flank’d with round Towers, after the old Fafhion, 
and hath five Gates. The City and Suburbs, which are 
the moft beautiful, contain 6500 Houfes, as the People 
lay, forty Mofques, three Colleges, and about 200 Se- 
pulchres of the Defendants of Alt. The principal 
Mofque Hands right againft the Market-place, and has 
a Tower, like a Steeple, of Free-Stone. The Houfes 
are built of Earth and Brick, but are none of them re- 
markable for their Beauty. 
The Bazars and Baths are well built and kept, and 
the Royal Inn is the faireft in all Perfia. The Wealth 
and Trade of Cajhan confifts in the Manufadlory of 
all Sorts of Stuffsj and Tiflues of Gold and Silver, plain 
and flower’d, Sattin and Velvet *, and there is no City 
in Ferfia that makes more. Cajhan ftands in a good 
Air, yet fo violently hot, that it is ready to ftifle you in 
Summer, which is occafion’d by the Reflexion of a 
Mountain, that ftands on the South of it 5 but the 
greateft Inconvenience that attends this City, is the great 
Number of Scorpions which infeft it, and the Parts ad- 
joining, when the Sun is in Scorpio^ and therefore there 
is Nobody but has by him feveral experienced Reme- 
dies againft the Sting of this Creature. 
Cattle and wild Fowl are not plentiful, but the Country 
abounds in Corn and Fruits. They furnifh IJpahan with 
Fruits, efpecially Melons and Water-Melons, all the 
Seafon. Several European Authors think this City to 
be Ambrodux or Ctefiphon of the Ancients. It is faid 
to be founded by a Virgin^ who therefore laid the firft 
Stone of it when the Sun entei’d and nam’d it 
Cajhan from her Grandfather. It is govern’d by a JDa- 
rogue., or Mayor, who holds his Place two Years. 
From Cajhan he pafled over a Mountain, and then 
defended into a deep Valley, very narrow and about 
a League in Length, which is well fill’d with Houfesj 
Vineyards and Gardens, fo clofe one to another, that 
they all fern but one Village. Several delightful and 
clear Streams preferve the Summer fo wonderfully cool 
here, that the Rofes were not blown, nor Corn or Fruit 
ripe, when the Harveft was quite got in at Calhan. Seve- 
ral modern Authors aflert, that Darius was rnurthered 
by Bejfus in this Valley, and that not improbably^ 
becaule Hiftory fays, Bejfus fled to Bablriana, and Na- 
harzanes, to Hyrcania, and here the Road begins to thefe 
two Provinces, and fo by Moutjhacour, a large Village 
of 500 Houfes, to Ifpahan, which is fo thick encompaf- 
fed with Villages, that you would think you are in the 
Suburbs two Hours before you come near them. 
22. There are two other Roads, which it is neceflary 
that Travellers fhould be acquainted with, which I fliall 
briefly def ribe, viz. From TFarJaw to Ifpahan^ and 
from IJpahan to Mofcow. 
JVarJaw, which is feated upon the Left Hand of the 
Viftula, is the ordinary Refidence of the King of Po- 
land. Beginning your Travels here to IJpahan, you muft 
go to Lublin^ which is fix Days Journey, and in five 
more you may get to Iluove, where the Cuftomcrs open 
all the Bales of the Merchants Goods, and exadl five 
in the Hundred. J'rom Iluove you go to JaJlovieer in 
twelve Days. This is the laft City of Poland next Mol- 
davia. Here, if you fell any Goods, you muft pay 
five per Cent. 
From thence you go to Tafhe in eight Days. This 
is the Capital City of Moldavia, and the Refidence 
of the JVayvod, which the Grand Signior fends to 
govern that Country. Here all Bales of Merchan- 
VoL. II. N« CXXIX. 
dizes are opened, and there is a Roll bf all that 
the Merchant is to pay, which amounts to five per 
Cent. _ , 
From Tajhe the Way lies through Ourjhaye, to whicH 
you come in three Days, This is the laft City in Mol- 
davia. From hence to Akerman you go in four Days, 
and the Cuftoms amount to four per Cent, but they take 
the Merchant’s Account. From Akerman you go to 
Ozou, where they take two per Cent, and fo to Precop„ 
where they pay two and an half per Cent, but they trufll 
to the Merchant’s Word at both Places. 
From Pracop the Road lies to Kaffa, where alfo the 
Cuftom is three per Cent. And the Journey from JVar- 
faw to Kaffa is fifty one Days by the Waggon, which 
is the ufual Way of Carriage in that Country, and the 
Cuftoms in all come to eighteen and an half per Cent. tO 
which you muft add the Carriage and Paifage by Sea to 
Erebijond, where you pay three Piafters for every Mule’s, 
and four for every Camel’s Load. To avoid fomething 
of this Charge, the Armenians flaip their Goods ufually 
at another Port, called Onnie, which is a very good. 
Port, and where they never pay above a Piafter and a half 
for a Camel’s Load. 
There is another Road from Warfaw to Erebifond 
fhorter by three Days Journey, viz. From War Jaw to 
Tafhe, in the former Road, and from thence by Galas., 
a City of Moldavia, Megin and Mangalia, the beft 
Port in the Black-Sea to the Weft, to Erebijdnd, from 
whence to Erzerom five Days Journey, from which to 
IJpahan you go the ufual Road. 
The other Road from IJpahan to Mofcow lies thus« 
You muft travel the ufual Road before-mention’d, to 
Shamaki, and from thence to Derbent, which the Eurks 
call Demir-Capi. This is the laft City in the Perfian Ju- 
rifdid.ion, by which the River Shamourka runs. From 
Derbent jou may travel to Eetarck in eight Days, where 
hiring Barks with twelve Oars, you may be at AJifacan, 
by the Help of a little Sail which they put up,- if the 
Wind fervesj in four or five Hours, but if yOu row 
only it will take up nine. When you embark upon the- 
Cajpidn Sea, you muft provide yourfelf Water for the 
firft three Days, becaufe the Water on the Coaft is bit- 
ter for that Time, but afterwards it is very good. At 
AJiracan the Merchants are all fearched by the Cuftom- 
ers, and they take five per Cent. 
From AJiracan to Mofcow you take Shipping in great 
Barks, that make Ufe both of Oars and Sails, rowing 
againft the Tide, and weigh all you carry aboard, for 
which yofci muft pay fourteen Cay a, and three Abafll’s 
and an half for every Pound. From AJiracan you fail 
to Corinya, and fo in Order by Sariza, Sarataf, Samarat, 
Senuriskat, Coulombs, Cajan, Sabouk-Jha, Godamijan, Eri- 
guina, Mouron and Cajm, to Mofcow, which they count 
2950 Shagarons.^ or 590 Italian Miles. 
At Sarataf you may go a-fhore, and fo go by Land 
to Mofcow, in Waggons, when the Snow is gone, and on. 
Sledges while it lies, and then the Way lies through In- 
Jerat, Eymnek^ Canquerma and Valodimer, a City bigger 
than Conjiantinople:, to Mofcow, which Journey may be 
finifh’d in thirty five Day ; but this Way is never ufed^ 
but upon Neceflity, when the River is frozen, becaufe in 
the Paifage from Sarataf to Injerat, which is ten Days; 
Journey, there is nothing to be had for Man or Horfe. 
At Mofcow the Cuftoms are the Tame as at AJiracan^ 
viz. hvt per Cent, and all the AfianSi viz. Eurks, Per- 
ftans, Armenians, and others, lodge in a Sort of Inns s 
but the Europeans lie in a Place by themfelves all 
together. 
23. There are few Countries in the World that are f(S 
little vifited by European Travellers as thofe about the 
Black Sea, and indeed there are feveral Reafons for it. 
in the firft Place, the Eurks will fuifer no Trade to be 
carried on by Sea in any other than their own Veifels, 
and fo jealous they are On this Headj that when the 
Ruffians were Mafters of Afoph., and fliared by that 
Means in the Navigation of the Black Sea, they were 
never eafy. It is, in the next Place, a very rare Things 
even for fuch as travel for Pleafure through the Domi- 
nions of the Grand Signior, to ftrike out ©f the com- 
10 N 'tnott 
