94® E« Ysbrants 
in the Weft and flows Eaftward near the City Lania^ 
and happily reached the City of Xanlunnung Time 
enough to lodge there, where, as in the other Cities, I 
was entertained by the Mandaryn at the Imperial Apart- 
ment with a Supper and Flay till Midnight. Next Day 
I went on, and pafied a Morafs, over which lay a very 
fine Stone Bridge, with numerous Arches, all of fquare 
Stone, and adorned with all Sorts of Imagery, but efpe- 
cially Figures of Lyons. We pafied through feveral 
confideraWe Towns and large Villages, all of which 
were very populous, and very conveniently provided 
with Horfes and all Manner of NeceiTaries for Travel- 
lers ; here we obferved more efpecially great Numbers 
of Inns, Cooks-Shops, and Tea-Houfes. In the Even- 
ing we came to the City of Xungunxa, where the Man- 
daryn^ as before, invited me to Supper ; but being indif- 
pofed, and very much tired with a tedious Day’s Journey, 
I civilly refufed him, and flaying at Home, refrefhed 
myfelf with the charming Fruits of that Country, fuch as 
Grapes, Limons, Oranges, Apples, Pears, Cheftnuts, 
large and fmall Nuts, all exquiflte in their ref- 
pedlive Kinds. 
The following Day we travelled up a high Rock, paf- 
fing by the Temple caWtdi Jugargu^ the Front of which 
appeared very beautiful, being all of fquare Stone, and 
feemed to be a ftrong Fort or Caftle. Next Day we 
pafied on the left Hand or Eaft Side over a high Moun- 
tain, by a beautiful Cloyfter, and feveral Towns and 
Villages. This Temple is in the Province of Peking^ 
and very famous, by Reafon the Image of an ancient 
Chinefe King, or falfe God, is kept there, which induces 
feveral Husbandmen, not only from the neighbouring 
Villages, but even as far as the great Wall, to come hi- 
ther in Pilgrimage in the Spring to implore a fruitful 
Summer, and after Harveft to thank their Deity for a 
good Crop •, to perform which Office whole Villages and 
Families refort hither with their Priefts. The Women 
being drefied in their beft Apparel ride on Afies in the 
Middle of the Proceffion. The Priefts carry painted 
and metallick Reprefentations or Images of feveral Idols j 
and fome of the Men carry a Sort of long Trumpets, 
others Flutes, Drums and Kettle Drums, with which 
they make a horrid Noife. They are all followed by a 
Lama or Idolatrous Prieft, with a Basket fattened to his 
Body, in which he carries triangular folded Papers, fome 
gilded and other filvered over ; thefe he flatters on the 
Way about lOO Fathom from the Cloyfter, in Honour 
of this Wonder-worker or Idol. Another carries burning 
perfum’d Tapers, which laft till they come to their de- 
figned Place. Thefe Pilgrims flay feveral Days there, 
pafling their Time in all Manner of Diverfions as well 
as Devotions. 
Profecuting our Journey we paflTed by a City inhabi- 
ted only by the Emperor’s Concubines, and their Reti- 
nue, where that Monarch flays feveral Days when he 
goes a Hunting. The City is not large, but hath a 
great many fine Stone Palaces covered with red Tiles*, 
is full of Idol Temples, and encompafled with a high 
Stone Wall. About three Cannon Shot Weft of this Place 
is a Spring of boiling hot Water, of which a hot Bath is 
made. 
lo. After having paflTed many Towns and Villages, 
we came the next Day to Kim. Here the Hills on both 
the Eaft and Weft Sides of us began to difappear ; though 
on the Mountains, on the South-Eaft and Weftern Sides, 
we could yet fee the great Wall. Going from hence we 
patted over a Stone-Bridge on the River Xangu^ and 
repofed that Night at Xangole. 
On the 2d of November we patted through feveral 
Towms and Villages, and .over a Scone Bridge over the 
River, which brought us to the City of Tunxo, 
which is fortified by a great Wall, and is fituate clofe to 
the River Pungo. About as far as the mentioned Bridge, 
the Governor of the City and principal Officers, with a 
great Train of Hdrfemen, came to welcome me. The 
Mandaryns told me that this Governor was a very great 
Nobleman, by Birth a Mongalian.^ or Eafl -Tartar^ and 
a very affable, well bred Man. He invited me and the 
Mandaryns to Dinner, and gave us a ngble Entertain- 
ijnent, fuitable to his Quality and Character. * 
I D E s’i Travels Book III. 
The City of Tunxo is very large, populous, and a 
Place of great Trade, by Reafon of the Water-Carri- 
age from thence to Japan and the Provinces of Nanq^uing 
and Corea. On this River, and haled on Shear by its 
Sides, lie a great many Jonks ; befides feveral which, 
bdong to the Emperor, and are richly adorned wdth 
carved Work, Galleries, and Windows. In thefe Bar- 
ges the Governors of Places are carried to their appoint*- 
ed Cities, landed, and afterwards brought Home again, 
Thofe Jonks which are haled on Shoar are inhabited in 
Winter like Houfes, though there is indeed but very 
little Winter here, nor doth the River ever freeze up, 
though fometimes Ice appears on the Shoar. Thefe 
Jonks or Barks are indifferent large, and built very 
ftrong. When they lie on the Wharfs the Joints, in- 
ftead of Pitch and Tarr, are flopped and fmeared over 
with a Sort of Clay mixed with fome other Ingredients, 
which once dried keeps fafter and firmer than any Pitch. 
The Mafts are a Sort of Bamhoes, hollow within, but 
yet very ftrong ; and fome of them are as thick as an 
ordinary Man’s V/afte. The Sails are a certain Sort 
of Ruffies woven together, that when furled, fold up 
as pliable as Flags, which is fomewhat furprizing. The 
Forepart of thefe Ships is very flat, being built Arch- 
wife from Top to Bottom, and very conveniently fitted 
for the Sea. Infomuch that, according to the Report 
of the Inhabitants, with a good Wind, in one of thefe 
they can’reach the Koreafehian Sea in three or four Days % 
and fuppofing the Wind favourable, can in four or live 
Days Sail, gain from thence to the Kingdom or Empire of 
Japan., fo little are they Novices in Sailing. 
Pafling thro’ this City, I rode thro’ the China Earthen 
Ware Market, where I faw vaft Quantities of the fineft 
Porcelain in the World. I alfo obferved Abundance of 
Pageds or Idol Pemples and Cloyfters ; and after I had 
lodged a Night in the Suburbs, and got every Thing in 
good Order, departed next Day, and proceeded forward 
till I tnivtdi Peking, this being the laft Lodging- Place in my 
Way, to that celebrated Capital of this extenfive Empire. 
As our Author contents himfelf with fpeaking only 
of thofe Things that he has feen, and fays no more of 
them, than what he has feen, I thought it wmuld not 
be difagreeable to the Reader, if, upon his mentioning fo 
great a Market for Ware, I took the Opportunity 
of inferting a ffiort Memorial, that has lain fome time 
by me, upon this Subjedl, as it may otherwife run the 
Hazard of being loft *, and as I am perfuaded, that, upon 
Perufal, it will be thought worthy of a better Fate, the 
rather, bec^nfe at prefent we have nothing very diftindt or 
very methodical upon this Subjedt, except in Du Halde^^ 
Hiftory of China, where it is fpun to fuch an exceflive 
Length, that very few People will be at the Pains to 
read it, and I know fome that have repented of 
their Perfeverance. Without farther Introdudlion then 
take this Memorial, which runs thus. 
“ There are very few Subjedls that deferve more At- 
“ tention or Care to be beftowed upon them, than 
“ the Efforts of the human Underftanding, in producing 
“ and perfedling uflful Arts. Amongft thefe there are 
“ but few that deferve the Preference of Porcelain or 
“ China Ware, fo univerfally admired upon its nrft Ap- 
“ pearance, which has kept its Credit now for the Space 
“ of two Centuries, and which is generally efteemed, noc- 
“ withftanding the vaft Qiian cities of it chat are con- 
“ tinually imported, as much as when' it was firft known. 
‘‘ It is indeed true, that a great Part of its Value is 
“ derived from the Opinion of the Ladies ; neither can 
“ I think that this is any Objedtion to it, for on the 
“ one Hand, they are the moft converfant with it, and 
“ on the other they are the beft Judges. 
“ Their Sentiments therefore ought to fix it in our 
“ Efteem *, but while they confider it in the Light of 
“ a beautiful Curiofity, it may deferve our Pains to 
“ enquire into the principal Points that regard it, which 
“ cannot be done without a tolerable Share of diffe- 
“ rent Kinds of Learning. I dare not therefore prefume 
“ to hope I ffiall be able to fet the Subjedt in the ful- 
“ left and mdft perfed Light, but if I lead the Way, 
“ and trace out a proper Method of Handling it, 
“ I conceive that I ffiall not lofe m.y own T ime, and 
I 
