36 BULLETIN 48, HAWAII AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. 
of high grade and 10 are pure-bred Duroc-Jersey and Berkshire 
boars. (Figs. 19 and 20.) Each spw on this farm farrows, on the 
average, 3 litters in two years and raises 5 or 6 pigs per annum. 
Crossbreeding is giving fine results, a Duroc sow which was bred to 
a Berkshire boar, recently farrowing 16 pigs, only one of which was 
born dead, and 10 of which are being raised. Outstanding records 
show a Tamworth sow to have produced 45 pigs in 3 litters in a little 
over 15 months. One boar is maintained for every 25 sows. 
Pigs are weaned at 8 to 10 weeks of age at an average weight of 
25 pounds. As soon as they attain a weight of 60 pounds, they are 
placed in one-half acre dry paddocks in lots of 40 head. Here they 
are given some green feed, such as alfalfa, sorghums, and the like, 
together with all the garbage they can consume. 
Eighty cans containing about 300 pounds of garbage each are 
daily hauled from the military posts to the Kemoo farm. All con- 
tainers are thoroughly cleansed and sterilized by steam (100-pound 
pressure) and then dipped in lime wash. This process and the cost 
of hauling of course involve considerable expense. 
In 1915 the Kemoo farm sold 365 garbage-fed hogs for $6,198, 
which averaged 11 cents a pound live weight. In 1918 the sales in- 
creased to 1,686 head which sold for $50,439, or about 22 cents a 
pound. 
It has been estimated on the mainland that 1 ton a day of well- 
managed residence garbage will fatten 40 well-conditoned hogs 
and will develop an equal number of shotes or brood sows; while 
a ton of hotel or military post garbage will fatten 100 hogs and take 
care of 100 shotes beside. Garbage from hotels is very much more 
efficient as a feed than garbage from private homes. In* well-estab- 
lished garbage feeding plants hogs weighing about 125 pounds each 
are selected and fed until they have attained a weight of about 250 
pounds. This gain requires, under good management, about 100 
days and represents an average daily gain of 1J pounds. 
Some years ago the Kemoo farm conducted a number of feeding- 
experiments to determine the feeding value of garbage for swine. 
Twenty-four pigs, grouped in lots of 3 to a pen, and weighing from 
58 to 71 pounds at the beginning of the experiment, were given, for 
50 days, a ration having garbage as the basic feed. Supplementary 
feeds, such as wheat middlings, alfalfa meal, rice bran, barley, corn, 
both separately and in combination, were added to the garbage in 
various proportions. The highest daily gain per pig was 0.7934 
pound, which was obtained by feeding 4 pounds of rice bran and If 
pounds of corn, respectively, per pig per day, in addition to all 
the garbage they would consume. The second highest daily gain 
per pig was 0.76 pound, which was obtained by feeding 2f pounds 
of corn per pen of 3 pigs, in addition to all of the garbage the 
animals would consume. The lowest gain, 0.4534 pound, was made 
by pigs receiving 4 pounds of alfalfa meal in addition to all the gar- 
bage they would consume. 
In a later experiment, 20 small pigs, in groups of 10 to a pen, 
were fed for 40 days. Those in lot 1 were fed garbage only and at 
the beginning of the experiment weighed a total of 298 pounds. At 
the close of the experiment they had made a total gain of 124 pounds. 
The pigs in lot 2 were fed 100 pounds of tankage in addition to the 
