SWINE RAISING JN HAWAII. 23 
not beyond help. The matter should also be reported to the Terri- 
torial Veterinarian, Board of Agriculture and Forestry, Honolulu. 
ABORTION. 
• 
In abortion the soav loses her pigs before they are fully developed. 
Abortion not infrequently accompanies other diseases, but it also 
occurs when the sow is in otherwise perfect health. In the latter 
case abortion may be due to bacterial infection. After the first, 
abortion is noted all pregnant sows should immediately be removed 
to new ground where hogs and cattle have not recently been kept. 
They should be divided into as small groups as possible. If it is 
thought that the abortion germs have been contracted from cows, 
the milk should be pasteurized before it is fed to the swine. Abortion 
has never officially been reported as occurring among the swine of 
Hawaii. 
BRONCHITIS. 
When affected with bronchitis, the hog presents a general' un- 
thrifty appearance and has a persistent cough. Predisposing causes 
to bronchitis are dust, worms, germs, poor ventilation, and damp- 
ness. Insanitary conditions should be remedied and the animal 
given good feed. The feeding of skim milk to young pigs and shotes 
will strengthen them sufficiently to overcome the disease. 
HOG CHOLERA. 
Hog cholera is a very serious disease and probably causes greater 
loss in the swine industry throughout the States than does any other 
disease. The presence in Hawaii of true hog cholera has not as yet 
been indisputably established. The microorganism carrying the in- 
fection is so small that it can not be seen even with the most power- 
ful microscope. The disease is characterized by fever, loss of appe- 
tite, cough, weakness of the hind parts, general prostration, and a 
purplish discoloration of the skin. In some instances the animal 
suffers from constipation and later from diarrhea. 
As soon as there are symptoms of cholera a veterinarian should be 
called to administer treatment. Strict quarantine should be main- 
tained between the sick and healthy hogs, the unaffected animals 
being transferred to clean, new quarters. Antihog-cholera serum is 
effective in protecting healthy swine from cholera. 
LUMPY JAW. 
Lumpy jaw, which in swine most commonly affects the mammary 
glands, is probably due to the same fungus that causes lumpy jaw 
in cattle. Large, hard, tumorous masses containing many pus cavi- 
ties form on the mammary glands when the animal is affected. A 
veterinarian should be called to remove the masses and prescribe 
the use of potassium iodid. 
PNEUMONIA. 
Pneumonia is caused by an organism and develops in pigs which 
are exposed to inclement weather or dust, or which are forced to live . 
either in filth or insanitary yards, or in close, damp, poorly venti- 
lated hog houses. In pneumonia the breathing is rather labored and 
