82 
W. Hoey — Identification of Kusinara, Vaisali, ^c, [No. 1, 
both stories mention a conflagration and a river. There is one word in 
Sanscrit which expresses both conflagration and cremation. Ttis ‘ daha' 
The river so named is the river of ‘ conflagration ’ and also the Qava- 
daha, the cremation river of the Malla or Balia people. 
The Doha takes its rise N.E. of Gopalgaoj and in its course forms 
the sheet of water known as Sasa Mansa (^aga-mohsita ‘the rescued 
hare ’) and then flows southward to Andur. Near this (at Faridpur) it 
is joined by the Sondi River and thence its course is S.E. until it falls 
into the Gogra east of Manjhi. The Sondi is said to be an offshoot 
of another stream called Narayani but T cannot find this on the maps. 
It comes down past Manjha Mutkar and Manjha Mallaon. I have said 
that we must find the word for gold entering into the composition of a 
river near Kusitiara. It is given in the Chinese as Hi-lian and Shi- 
lai-na-fa-ti. The latter is obviously Suvarnavati, which, anyone 
accustomed to note mutations from Sanscrit to Hindi will see, becomes 
Sona-vati, or Sona-nadi, or Sondi or Sundi. 
I have not been able to visit any places near Sewan except Pappaur, 
but a gentleman who has taken considerable trouble to help me in my 
researches tells me that there is a very extensive ancient mound covered 
with trees, locally called a fort of the Cheroos, between Luhsi and 
Kulinjura about 3 miles N. W. of Sewan. There are also remains of 
great age on the west bank of the Daha in Gosopali opposite Salannapur. 
This name suggests Sala-vana-pura, the city of the Sala forest. The 
mention of the Sala here in any form is interesting. These places 
should be examined. 
There are also considerable remains and a large basalt image further 
down the Daha at Hasanpur which should be looked to. From this 
place I received an inscription on a brass plate not yet deciphered. 
South-east of Kusinara and west of Vaisali lay the place where 
Buddha parted from the Licchavis. This is probably Manjhi, the Mangchi 
of the Ain-i-Akbari. It is the ‘Mang’ or ‘Manjha’, the middle line, the 
parting, and lies on the west of the Daha or Sundi where it joins the 
Ganges. The Sundi or Daha river was probably the western boundary 
of the Vaisali kingdom, a narrow tract lying along the bank of the 
Ganges. 
I now return to the Lumbini Garden and ask what were the points 
visited by the Chinese pilgrims between that place and Kusinara. It is 
not yet settled what the Ramagama Kingdom was or where the town 
called after Rama lay. I may mention that the very old town of 
Kanapar near Dham is also called Ramnagar, but that is not necessarily 
significant. I can, however, with knowledge point to a very ancient 
mound called Ghagharra between Pipraich and Captainganj, which 
