146 
H. Francke — A collection of Ladakhi Proverbs. 
[No. 2, 
(e) For a instead of la, see 1. Beda is supposed to have been 
originally hedol, a travelling outcast man, 
about the dropping of final I, see 4 (e) ; o and a often 
change in verbal roots. 
41. (a) 
(&) sta’phang nyo’ngam, spon’boe kyon’nyon’gam. 
(c) Do you suffer from being thrown off the horse or from 
being scolded by your master. 
(d) Ironical inquiry, when a person is not- in good spirits. 
(e) There the classical ending am of the question is retained, 
the Ladakhi has only a. 
42. (a) 
•\o >o 
(h) thrug’ula spe’ra dang tsun’jungla ja’u. 
(c) Speech [of adults] is to a child, what a jatt is to the 
tsunjung [the lama apprentice]. 
(d) It is not good to speak of everything before children, 
just as the tsunjung is not deemed worthy to receive 
2 b jau, [after having taken part in a religious ceremony]. 
(e) Spera is originally dpe sgra, for ra instead of sgra, see 7 e. 
jau — 2 b little tea, because everything used to be bought 
with tea in Tibet, a Tibetan silverjau = 3| annas, 
btsunjung = btsunchung, see Ladakhi Grammar, laws 
of sound 6. 
43. (a) 
(6) kha’ta ko’wag zer’sa dang’ la’ma tro’wang zer’sala 
hleb’dug. 
(c) He arrives at the place where the crow says howag and 
[then], where the lamas say trowang. 
(d) Used derisively of a man, who has nothing to do and 
spends his life in dullness. 
(e) Zersa is Compos, determin. trowang imitates the sound of 
the big drum. 
44. (a) \ 
(6) bal’ti nying’canni nying’ kolkol’la 
bod’ nying med’kyi nying stor’. 
