having the potential for sales of $1,000 or more. 
Some of these farms had no sales in the eensus year. 
It provides information on all report form items for 
farms that normally would be expeeted to sell 
agrieultural produets of $ 1 ,000 or more. 
Fertilizer. See Total farm produetion expenses; 
Fertilizer, lime, and soil eonditioners. 
Forage - land used for all hay and all haylage, 
grass silage, and greenchop. Data shown represent 
the area harvested with eaeh aere counted only once 
if dry hay, haylage, grass silage, or greenchop were 
cut from the same acreage or if there were multiple 
cuttings of dry hay, haylage, grass silage, or 
greenchop. Data exclude com silage and sorghum 
silage. Quantity produced is the sum of the quantity 
harvested of all hay including alfalfa, other tame, 
small grain, and wild hay and all haylage, grass 
silage and greenchop after converting the all 
haylage, grass silage, and greenchop quantity 
harvested to a dry equivalent basis (13-percent 
moisture). The green tons of all haylage, grass silage, 
and greenchop harvested were multiplied by a factor 
of 0.4943 to convert to a dry equivalent. This 
conversion factor is based on the assumption that 
one ton of dry hay is 0.87 ton of dry matter, one ton 
of haylage or grass silage is 0.45 ton dry matter, and 
one ton of greenchop is 0.25 ton dry matter. The all 
haylage, grass silage, and greenchop quantity 
harvested is assumed to be comprised of 90-percent 
haylage and grass silage and 10-percent greenchop. 
Therefore, the conversion factor used to adjust all 
haylage, grass silage, and greenchop quantity 
harvested to a dry equivalent basis = 
[(0.45*0.9)+(0.25*0.1)]/0.87 = 0.4943. 
Geoexchange system. See Renewable energy 
producing systems. 
Harvested cropland. This category includes land 
from which crops were harvested and hay was cut, 
land used to grow short-rotation woody crops, 
Christmas trees, and land in orchards, groves, 
vineyards, berries, nurseries, and greenhouses. Land 
from which two or more crops were harvested was 
counted only once. Land in tapped maple trees was 
included in woodland not pastured. The 2012 census 
definition for harvested cropland is the same as the 
2007 definition. 
2012 Census of Agriculture 
USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service 
Hired farm labor. Data are for total hired farm 
workers, including paid family members, by number 
of days worked. Data exclude contract laborers. 
Horses and ponies, owned. See “Owned horses and 
ponies.” 
Inventory, livestock, and poultry. Data were 
collected for livestock and poultry inventory as of 
December 31, 2012. These data include cattle grown 
or fed on the operation for others on a custom or 
contract basis, cattle on land used rent free and cattle 
on public, private, or industrial property under a 
grazing permit. 
Irrigated land. This category includes all land 
watered by any artificial or controlled means, such as 
sprinklers, flooding, furrows or ditches, sub- 
irrigation, and spreader dikes. Included are 
supplemental, partial, and preplant irrigation. Each 
acre was counted only once regardless of the number 
of times it was irrigated or harvested. If an operation 
reported less than one acre irrigated, the irrigated 
land for the operation was rounded to one acre. 
Livestock lagoon waste water distributed by 
sprinkler or flood systems was also included. 
Land in berries. Data are for total land in berries. 
Respondents also reported harvested acres and not 
harvested acres by individual berry crops. 
Land in farms. The acreage designated as ‘Tand in 
farms” consists primarily of agricultural land used 
for crops, pasture, or grazing. It also includes 
woodland and wasteland not actually under 
cultivation or used for pasture or grazing, provided it 
was part of the farm operator’s total operation. Large 
acreages of woodland or wasteland held for 
nonagricultural purposes were deleted from 
individual reports during the edit process. Land in 
farms includes CRP, WRP, FWP, and CREP acres. 
Land in farms is an operating unit concept and 
includes land owned and operated as well as land 
rented from others. Land used rent free was reported 
as land rented from others. All grazing land, except 
land used under government permits on a per-head 
basis, was included as “land in farms” provided it 
was part of a farm or ranch. Land under the 
exclusive use of a grazing association was reported 
APPENDIX A- 5 
