Hints on Transplanting, &c. 
Tig HE briefest hints only can be given here, touching this subject. For 
'** m ore full and sufficient directions, we must refer to the popular 
professional Treatises on Fruit Culture. 
1st. Condition of the Soil.— The condition of the soil for planting 
trees is a point of the first importance. Some lands will require a con- 
siderable, others comparatively little previous preparation. Generally 
the condition of the soil must be such as would be adapted to grow 
successfully farm crops, as wheat, corn, etc., and this in extreme sea- 
sons, whether wet or dry. If the land on which you are to plant your 
trees is not in condition to bear these exposures, you can make it so by 
thorough underdraining, deep plowing and subsoiling. You may 
enrich it in the usual manner— by turning under clover, applying barn- 
yard manure, or, where it can be obtained, vegetable mould or muck 
without stint. This last, we think, is well adapted for producing a large 
amount of fibrous roots, and it is through these that the tree is fed. 
2d. Preparing the Tree for Planting.— The broken or mutilated 
portions of the roots must be cut oil so as to leave the ends smooth and 
sound, and the ends of all the other roots should be pruned. From 
these ends the new fibrous roots usually start. The stem should then 
be put in condition for the formation of the top. Cut back each remain- 
ing limb, leaving only four or six buds of the previous year’s growth. 
In absence of any limbs suitable to form a top, cut the tree down to the 
requisite height, leaving the dormant buds to make the top. 
Care should be used to give the proper form to the tree. The head 
may be left high or low, as the taste of the planter may prefer, or as 
the nature of the tree in some cases may require. 
3d. Planting.— Dig the hole large enough to receive the roots freely 
without cramping. Let the tree be at the same depth as it stood in the 
Nursery, and not deeper, except in the case of Pear on Quince. This 
should be so set that the point of union shall come two or three inches 
below the surface of the ground. Except special care be used in this 
