( J. epiphylla . ) 
BRITISH JUNGERMANNOE. 
Hab. Moist hedges and shady wet places in various parts of Great Britain, most abundant. 
— /3. Wet ditches in Yorkshire. — In a field near the orchard, Ballylickev, near Bantry. 
Miss Hutchins. — Bog between Castle Malwood Lodge and the Ringwood road, Hampshire. 
Mr. Lyell. — y. Not uncommon in the autumnal and early winter months, in various parts 
of Suffolk: in the chasm at Cheddar, Somersetshire} and about Torquay and Dartmouth, 
Devonshire. — Miss Hutchins finds it in Ireland, and Mr, Lyell in the New Forest, Hamp- 
shire. — (Both male and female fructification are produced in the spring and autumn.) 
Plant growing generally in very large patches of some feet in diameter; the individuals imbricating 
each other, and matted together by means of their radicles. 
Roots issuing from nearly the whole length of the nerve on the under side of the frond, 
composed of small dense simple fibres. 
Fronds from one to two, and even four inches in length in the var. (3., oblong, or obovato- 
oblong, at the base always narrowest, simple, or once or twice divided, without any 
regularity, by short lateral segments, their margin waved, entire, or at most only 
cut into a few short and very unequal lobes, which are flat or curved ; at the extremity 
of such plants as possess young female fructification a terminal lobe is generally bent 
down, so as to conceal it (f. f. 1. 5): innovations are sometimes produced, simple and 
lateral in a and |3, in y terminal, and divided in a dichotomous manner, twice or thrice, 
with the extremities more or less forked: the whole plant has a wide, and (except 
when held between the eye and the light) not a very conspicuous nerve. This, in the 
younger plants, is most evident, and in the innovations in the var. y (f. 18), is at all 
times very distinct. The cellules of the frond are large and ovate: the color a deep green, 
much darker about the nerve, where a purple tinge is also not unfrequent. 
Male Fructification situated in the upper surface of the frond, and always confined to the 
nerve, in which the Anthers are imbedded, a single one beneath a small swelling or tubercle 
(f. f. 1.5. 6. 7) ; each is of a roundish figure, and a greyish color, or in a more advanced state 
yellow, surrounded by a pellucid limbus. As it is only in a dried specimen that I have yet had 
the opportunity of examining the Anthers, I have been unable, satisfactorily, to distinguish 
the footstalk, which, in all probability, is extremely short, like that of J. pinguis. 
Female Fructification upon the same plants w ith the male, as well as upon different individuals; 
like it, too, proceeding from the upper side of the nerve, though a swelling may be observed 
beneath, in the young state of it (f. f. 1. 5). 
The calyx appears to be formed by the bursting of the frond, which takes place near the 
extremity, or sometimes near the middle of the plant: what appears at first but an 
irregular laceration in the frond (f. 17), afterwards becomes a tubular, and somewhat 
plicated calyx (t. f. 9. 10), varying in length from half a line to a line and a half, having 
its mouth a little expanded, and toothed in a very evident but irregular manner: in its 
color, and in the form of its cellules, it partakes, as may be supposed, of the nature of 
those of the frond. 
Calyptra, when young and enveloping the capsule, of an ovate figure, approaching to round, 
tipped with a long tubular style, and bearing, on various parts of its surface, abortive 
pistilla, which, like the style, are tubular, a little expanded at the mouth, and irregularly 
toothed: throughout their whole length, they are marked with reddish lines, and have 
also numerous transverse striae. When it has reached its full size, the calyptra is of an 
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