p^L) IT DEPflpTIVIEriT. 
APPLIES. 
The first fruit, both in importance and general culture, is the Apple. Its period, 
unlike that of other fruits, extends nearly or quite through the year. By planting judi- 
cious selections of Summer, Autumn, and Winter sorts, a constant succession can be 
easily obtained of this indispensable fruit for family use. 
There is no farm crop which, on the average, will produce one-fourth as much 
income per acre as will a good apple orchard. 
As fruit has become cheaper on account of the increased supply, a large and con- 
stantly increasing European export has sprung up which affords highly remunerative 
prices for the best selected specimens of our orchards, while the process of “ Evaporation” 
of fruit has become a recognized auxiliary to the horticulture of the land. With the im- 
mense consumption by this process of evaporation, it may be doubted if apple orcharding 
will ever in any season be less than highly remunerative. All the surplus of orchards, 
all “wind-falls” and defective specimens can at once be gathered and sold at a fair price 
to the evaporating establishments which now exist in almost every town in all fruit 
growing sections. 
If apples are planted at the rate of fifty trees per acre, rows of peach trees era be 
planted between the apples, which, growing more quickly than the apple trees, soon 
protect them from the winds, and thus are a great benefit to them. After eight or ten 
years of productiveness, as the space is needed for apples, the peach trees may be 
removed, leaving the orchard better for the protection, and at the same time having 
yielded the planter a large return for his trouble. 
DWARF APPLES. 
The planting of Dwarf Apples has been attended with gratifying success. Almost all 
sorts succeed equally well when worked upon Paradise or Doucin stock ; the former pro- 
ducing a very small tree or shrub ; the latter a tree of considerable size, reaching some- 
times to 10 or 12 feet in height. These commence bearing fruit the second year after 
planting, and being as healthy as standard trees and productive are a great ornament and 
satisfaction. They should be planted from six to eight feet apart, and will produce fruit 
without the delay attending Standards. Being trained low, they are valuable for the 
West. Taking up but little room, they are especially adapted to village gardens of small 
eirtent, giving the owners a constant and sure supply of choice fruits, far superior to any 
which can be bought in market. 
VARIETIES OF SPECIAL MERIT. 
Great interest is now manifested in what are known as Russian and “Iron Clad 
Apples” — varieties sufficiently hardy to stand the extreme climate of the North and 
North-west and yet possessing the merits in quality and size of the standard sorts of a 
more temperate region. So great lias been the development in this direction, and so 
numerous and valuable have the kinds become that the complaint is no longer valid that 
good fruit cannot be produced in the far North or North-west. We mention as among 
the best and most prominent sorts, Duchess of Oldenburg, Tetofsky, Haas, Pewaukee, 
Wealthy, Walbridge, Alexander, Mann, McIntosh, McMahon’s White, Rubicon, Red 
tBeitigheimer, New Brunswick, and Yellow Transparent. 
SUMMER. 
American Summer Pearmain — Medium, oblong ; striped and dotted with red ; tender, 
juicy and rich ; good bearer. September. 
Astrachan Red — Large, roundish, nearly covered with deep crimson, overspread with 
a thick bloom ; juicy, rich, acid, beautiful ; a good bearer. August. 
Benoni — Medium size, nearly round ; deep red, with rich flavor. August. 
Benninger — Originated near Slatington, Pa. Large, roundish, slightly conical and 
striped, sunnyside nearly covered with purplish red. Flesh yellow and tender, mild, 
sub-acid, flavor delicious. Tree a strong upright grower 'and an annual bearer. 
Ripens in July and August. 
Carolina Red June — (lied June ) — Medium size, red; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub- 
acid; an abundant bearer. June. 
