164 Notes upon the Food of Predaceous Beetles. 
noted the abundance of Carabidse about the shocks of 
wheat in a field where a violent wind storm had blown 
down a large number of sheaves, under which, upon their 
being replaced, large numbers of Harpalus caliginosus , 
pennsylvanicus and herbivagus, Pterostichus lucublandus 
and Anisodactylus baltimorensis were observed. 
The wheat was drawn in and threshed directly from 
the field, and a large percentage of the kernels were badly 
eaten. Previous to the threshing, in another field, a 
specimen of H. pennsylvanicus was captured with a par- 
tially eaten grain of wheat in its mandibles. The eaten 
grains of the threshed wheat seemed to agree with the 
fragments found in the jaws of the beetle, and as no other 
destructive agencies were noted, the facts seemed to sug- 
gest that the damage was done by the before-mentioned 
Carabidae. A few days after, H. pennsylvanicus was 
found eating the now fully ripe seeds from a head of up- 
right timothy grass, and was observed to detach them 
from the glumes. The same species has since been seen 
feeding largely upon ragweed, Ambrosia art emisice folia 
Linn., during September, the seeds apparently being the 
favorite part. A short time after it was found upon tim- 
othy grass it was observed eating the seeds of prairie 
grass, Panicum crus- g alii L. ; and the same day another 
individual was found devouring an Ips fasciatus Oliv., 
one of the Nitidulidae, thus proving its carnivorous pro- 
pensities also. H. caliginosus is likewise found eating 
the seeds of Ambrosia artemisicef olia. 
H. herbivagus feeds largely upon the tender shoots of 
grass during March, cutting them off just below the sur- 
face ; but later it selects the tender blades and the discol- 
ored parts usually found under boards, etc. 
Amaru angustata Say is found quite abundantly upon 
the heads of June grass, Poa pratensis L. But the most 
voracious Carabid enemy of this grass is the Anisodac- 
tylus sericeus Harris. 
Early in June, 1878, vast numbers of these beetles were 
noted upon the heads of this grass ; in fact, spots several 
yards in area were literally covered with them. After 
patient watching — for they are very timid — the proof 
