8 
NORTH AMERICAN BATRACHIA AND REPTILIA. 
c. Teetli on roof of mouth consisting of two longitudinal 
rows (palatine), which approach in front, and diverge 
at back of mouth; usually with a row of large red spots 
on the sides Pleurodd/dce. 
Family AMPFLIUMID^E. 
Toes two on each foot Amphiuma. 
Toes three on each foot Murcenopsis. 
Genus Amphiuma, Linn. 
5. A. means , Linn. Congo Snake. Color above brownish 
to slate color; beneath paler; one and one-half feet long. From 
Mississippi to North Carolina. 
Genus Murcenopsis, Fitz. 
6. M. tridactylus , Cuvier. Color above brown to dark 
gray; beneath paler. Mississippi to Louisiana. 
Family MENOPOMULE. 
Genus Menopoma, Harl. 
Palatine and maxillary teeth almost parallel; tongue trans- 
versely oval; limbs short and thick; toes 4-5, the two outer 
with membranous fringes; gill-clefts present. 
7. M. allegheniense , Harl. Hell-bender. Body cinerous, 
with dusky blotches; length, one and one-half to two feet. Trib- 
utaries of Mississippi, and streams of Louisianian district to 
North Carolina. 
8. M. fuscum , Holbrook. Body uniform umber; pale 
beneath. Headwaters, of Tennessee river. 
Family AMB LY STOMIDFE. 
Genus Amblystoma, Tschudi. 
Palatine series of teeth in the same line, though often inter- 
rupted; quadrato-jugal bone wanting; tongue large and thick, 
with a narrow free margin, except posteriorly. A series of 
mucous pores around and anterior to orbit. Digits 4-5, not 
webbed. 
A. Palatine series of teeth extending laterally behind internal 
nares; plica; of tongue radiating from its posterior portion. Par- 
