62 
The Queensland Naturalist. 
VoL 2 
plumbeiis: Cynthia preputialis and Balanus (? B. amphitrite) 
occur on Caloundra jetty, whose woodwork is attacked by 
the “cobra” Nausitoria. ‘Over the sand flats marches the 
army crab or “ blue bottle crab,” Mycteria longicarpus. 
Where the mud becomes more evident, Pyrazus 
herculeus is common. Zoster a nana — known locally 
in Bribie Passage as “swan grass,” because the black 
swan, Chenopis atrata is very partial to it there — grows 
abundantly to constitute a Zosteretum. Amongst the ribbon- 
like leaves of this monocotyledon are to be found the cockles. 
Area trapezia and Cardium rugostim ; the local pearl shell, 
Pinctada vulgaris ; the mussel, Brachyodontes hirsutus ; 
Mactra ; Pinna menkei, with its symbiotic crabs Pinnotheres 
and Alpheus : .Arcularia ionasi, A. thersites, etc.; Cymhium 
flammeum (Melo diadema) ; Stromhus camphelli, S. luhuanus ; 
Polinices plumbeus ; the “ink Dolahella : occasional 
crinoids (Comatula), starfish {Anthenea, Oreaster, etc.), 
and brittle stars ; stinging hydroid colonies ; several 
species of anemones, e,g., Discosoma (with a commensal 
fish, Amphiprion), Cerianthns, etc. ; polychaetes, the com- 
monest of which is a green one some three or four inches in 
length ; and at least two species of pipe fish, the commonest, 
according to Mr. J. D. Ogilby, being Corythroichthys altirostris. 
In deeper water the Zosteretum contains two other mono- 
cotyledonous plants in abundance, Halophila ovata (“ dugong 
weed ”) and Cymodocea ciliata, as well as, occasionally, a 
lowly Alga, which T believe to be Acetahularia caly cuius. 
The oyster [Ostrea cucidlata) flourishes in certain parts 
of the estuary, but where conditions are too muddy, it is 
liable to be attacked by the tiny oyster worm, Polydora 
(Leucodore) ciliata, which is common and at times destructive. 
The bubble-weed, Colpomenia sinuosa, one of the green 
Algae, often acts as a transporter of young oysters, thereby 
jlenuding the “ beds,” and is consequently regarded by the 
oyster grower as a nuisance. The gastropod, Trophon 
pavicB, is common, and attacks oysters. 
Where mud has more or less completely replaced the 
sand, one finds mangroves skirting the shore line, the 
commonest species in this “ tidal forest ” being the white 
mangroves, AHcennia officinalis (“cobbler’s pegs”), and 
Aegiceras majiis, red mangroves or “ spider legs,” Rhizophora 
mucronata, Bruguiera- Rheedei and Ceriops Candolleana.'^ 
This zone supports, amongst others, Driipa marginalha, 
Ostrea cucullata, Modiola sp., Nerita reticulata, Cerithium 
spp., Pyrazus spp., Bembicium melanostoma, Melaraphe 
scahra, a limpet, and Onchidium, amongst the molluscs ; 
Balanus trigonus : and the crabs Uca {Gelasimus) longidigitum , 
and at least one other common species. 
* 1 am indebted to the Government Botanist, Mr. C. T Wnite, for these names. 
