52 HUMANE TREATMENT OF ANIMALS USED IN RESEARCH 
Well-qualified inspectors would have access to laboratories and rec- 
ords and make unannounced inspections. These inspectors would be 
under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of HEW, and would be selected 
not only for their medical competence but also for their high moral 
integrity. 'In this area we might be able to benefit from British expe- 
rience which has performed a commendable service in selecting inspec- 
tors with outstanding qualifications. 
A groundless fear of opponents to this legislation is that there 
would be an excessive amount of detailed paperwork. 
This bill would not require any more paperwork than one would 
expect in any competent and thorough research project or experiment. 
Some object to the keeping of records. What is the point of perform- 
ing experiments if no records are kept of them. These records should 
be adequate enough to allow the inspectors to enforce the law required. 
They would include (a) a submission of the plan of work showing that 
it has genuine scientific need to be done and has been planned as 
humanely as possible, (b) identification of animals used and their 
disposition, and (c) a brief annual report. 
The purpose of the pain conditions is to prevent animals from dying 
slowly in agony and to limit, as far as possible, lesser suffering. 
Minimum standards of care and comfortable housing are required. 
In short, under the provisions of II. R. 1937, animals’ suffering is 
limited, but it is not prohibited, for scientists do not yet know how to 
conduct the vast variety of biological research without some suffering. 
But this measure prohibits suffering that is both severe and prolonged. 
By raising standards in the care and treatment of animals it would 
improve medical and biological research wherever standards are now 
too low. 
Some say that this act would stop medical research. On the con- 
trary, under the British act some of the greatest medical discoveries 
of all time have been made ; for example, penicillin. 
No less than 11 British scientists have received the Nobel Prize for 
biology and medicine. Prof. P. B. Medawar was so honored in 1960. 
Scientists can have no quarrel with this bill. It is indisputable that 
important strides in medicine have been achieved through experiments 
on living animals. Humanity has been enriched by such research and 
must continue it. But the callous or careless infliction of pain is a 
debasement of humanity. 
H.R. 1937, by providing humane standards in the treatment of ani- 
mals used for experiments in laboratories supported in whole or part 
by Federal funds, would put an end to inexcusable suffering. By 
providing the means of enforcing those standards through the licens- 
ing of experimenters and the requirement of minimum recordkeeping, 
it would also do much to improve the quality of research. 
Mr. Roberts. Thank you for your enlightening and excellent state- 
ment, Mrs. Griffiths. We have been honored by your presence here 
this morning, and hope you will return soon to assist us with future 
legislation before this committee. 
Mrs. Griffiths. The pleasure was mine, Mr. Chairman. 
Mr. Roberts. Our next witness is the Honorable Morgan M. 
Moulder, who has served on this committee for many years and has 
been interested in this type of legislation for a long time, as well as 
many other pieces of legislation which have been highly beneficial to 
the country. 
