HUMANE TREATMENT OF ANIMALS USED IN RESEARCH 183 
the professional direction. However, in many of your medical in- 
stitutions a professional individual in a department of the college of 
medicine or veterinary school will assume the responsibility for that 
department. So it is a matter of organization. The 11 refers to a 
central animal facility. So it doesn’t mean that you do not have some 
professional service in the others. It is a matter of organization in 
the institutions. 
Mr. Roberts. I note too one statement that is a useful bit of evidence 
to me, where you state “in most institutions animal facilities must be 
shared by many research workers.” It would seem to me that that 
would certainly indicate, as you say, the problems of disease control, 
the utilization of space and personnel and other related problems. 
Dr. Thorp. It does in some institutions. 
Mr. Roberts. Thank you very much, Dr. Thorp. 
Mr. Nelsen. 
Mr. Nelsen. I wish to add my thanks to Dr. Thorp for his testi- 
mony. And I note throughout this report that wherever there is 
some deficiencies in the care — for instance, the example dealing with 
the report that you have just referred to ias to professional direction — 
that you sum it up by saying that you should consider full-time direc- 
tion of our animal programs, in other words, we are moving in the 
direction that I think everybody wants to go. And it seems to me that 
this report is a very good report, Mr. Chairman. And I am pleased 
that Dr. Thorp has added it to the testimony today. 
I might add, Dr. Thorp, that, as you know, I was the author of the 
bill that created the College of Veterinary Medicine at the University 
of Minnesota and Dr. Boyd was the first to take over, and you suc- 
ceeded him. And I am pleased that we can meet here in this com- 
mittee room and hear your testimony. I am glad that you came. 
And I believe that you have an associate here that we hear next. 
Dr. Thorp. Thank you very much for your comments. 
And we have Dr. Visscher, professor of physiology in the Univer- 
sity of Minnesota. 
STATEMENT OF MAURICE B. VISSCHER, PROFESSOR OF 
PHYSIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA 
Dr. Visscher. Mr. Chairman, I am here in several capacities: 
One, to represent the American Physiological Society, which is the 
organization of one of the largest groups of scientists in the United 
States and which is concerned with problems of animal care and 
animal use. And if I may, I should like to leave with you a copy of 
a prepared statement which I shall not read for the sake of conserv- 
ing time. And in addition I would like to give you a few points. 
And if you care to ask additional questions, I would be very happy 
ro answer them. 
