284 HUMANE TREATMENT OF ANIMALS USED IN RESEARCH 
Institutes to use these animals for research are governed by ad- 
visory councils whose members are experts in their given field. Nose 
and throat specialists are not in charge of cancer research nor is the 
important function of the National Cancer Institute given to any 
private organization. The same should be true of animal care. 
In 1953, when WARDS was started, complaints came from Chicago 
about laboratory conditions. We analyzed this report and found 
that of the 42 charges, 35 could have been corrected with a practical 
national program confined to the area of professional supervision, 
humane handling and modern living quarters. Only in the last year 
have we noted much activity in this direction and nothing that need 
necessarily survive the present wave of enthusiasm. 
Waste is expensive and the unnecessary suffering of these research 
animals is particularly intolerable to any thoughtful Member of 
Congress and the citizens of our country. Change must come through 
an instrument which compares favorably in efficiency and structure 
with the many health institutes to use these animals in such abun- 
dance 60 to 300 millions a year. It is going to be necessary to change 
the present substandard storage and to maintain and continually im- 
prove the institutional handling and housing of these animals. The 
sooner we start, the better. 
Thank you. 
Mr. Roberts. Thank you very much, Mrs. Dunn. 
I am particularly gratified you would pay tribute to the Southern 
Research Institute. We are very proud of the fine work being 
done there. 
Probably this is not exactly in line with your work, but you un- 
doubtedly remember the late Tom Spize who did some fine work 
and research in Birmingham, Ala. I was particularly gratified you 
made a reference to that group. 
Mrs. Dunn. Yes, sir. 
Mr. Roberts. I am informed you have a very good knowledge of 
the type of housing we find used in keeping experimental animals. 
Mrs. Dunn. That is right. 
Mr. Roberts. I would like to ask you to give us a little resume 
of those conditions as you have seen them. 
Mrs. Dunn. Well, I have seen Harvard which, has some good quar- 
ters but very poor housing and handling of its long-term dogs which 
were kept in a basement and its short-term dogs in a made-over barn. 
Since I complained about Harvard I am not going to be able to 
see the University of Illinois when I am in Chicago. There is, how- 
ever, publicity issued by the National Society for Medical Research 
and also an article in the Animal Care Panel proceedings on these 
quarters. 
From these two articles we know they have 336 dogs in basement 
cage quarters with no means of getting out at cleaning time and are 
hosed off along with the cage. 
We consider this very bad animal husbandry. WARDS wants the 
institutional animal to have the kind of care that would be given 
to him in a good veterinary hospital. At the University of Illinois 
25 people handled these 336 dogs and nearly 10,000 more animals. 
If these top recipients of Federal funds are so understaffed and their 
quarters so meager what must be the conditions in the less fortunate 
places, financially ? 
