jT be ( garden of plea) ant t loiters. 
in England, fo they haue been tranfplanted into Gardens, to be there nouri- 
flied for the delight of their louers, where they all abide, and grow fairer 
then in their naturali places , except the fmall Birds eyes , which will (as I 
faid) hardly abide any culture, but groweth plentifully in all the North 
Countries, in their fqually or wet grounds. 
t The Time. 
Thefedoeall flower in the Spring of theyeare, fome earlier and forhe 
later,and fome in the midft of Winter, as they are defended from the colds 
and frofts, and the mildneffe of the time will permit : yet the Cowflips doe 
alvvayes flower later then the Primrofes > and both the (ingle and double 
greene Cowflips lateft, as I faid in their deferiptions, and abide anuch after 
all the reft. 
rndtiw 1 : ngrt ■ 
, The Names. 
All thefe plants are called moft vfually in Latine, Primula verit, Primula 
pratenfis, and PrimuUJilnarum, becaule they (hew by their flowring the new 
Spring to bee camming on, they being as it were the firft Embaffadouts 
thereof. They haue alfo diuers other names, as Herb* Paralyfis, rthritica 
Herb* San eh Petri, Claues Saudi Petri, Herbafculum odoratum, Lunaria arthri- 
tica, Phlomis , Ahfma pluar um , and Altfmattt alterum genus , as Fabius Co- 
lumna calleth them. The Birdseyes are Called of Lobel in Latine, Paraly- 
tica Alpina , Sanicula anguHtfolt* , making a greater and a leffer. Others call 
them Sanicula angujlifolta, bur generally they are called Primula verts minor . 
I haue (as you fee) placed them with the Cowflips , putting a difference be- 
tweene Primrofes and Cowflips. Andfome haue diftinguifhed them , by 
callingthe Cowflips* that is, the Taller Primrofe'and 
the other Humilia, Lowe or Dwarfe Primrofes. In Englifh they haue in like 
manner diuers names, according to feuerall Countries, as Primrofes, Cow- 
flips, Oxelips,Palfieworts, and Petty Mulleins. Thefirft kindes, which are 
lowerthen the reft, are generally called by the name of Primrofes (as I 
thinke) throughout England. Theotherare diuerfly named ; for in fome 
Countries they call them Paigles, or Palfieworts, or Petty Mulleins, which 
are called Cowflips in others. Thofe are vfually called Oxelips , whofe 
flowers are naked , or bare without huskes to containe them , being not fo 
fweeteastheCowflip,yet haue they fome little fent , although the Latine 
name doth make them to haue none. TheFranticke,Fantafticke,orFoolifh 
Cowflip , in fome places is called by Country people , Iacke an Apes on 
horfe-backe, which is an vfuall name with them, giuen to many other 
plants, as Dailies, Marigolds, &c. if they beftrangeorfanrafticall, diffe- 
ring in the forme from the ordinary kinde of the (ingle ones. The fmalleft 
arevfually called through all the North Country, Birds eyen, becaufeof 
the fmall yellow circle in the bottomes of the flowers , refembling the eye 
of a bird. 
ThcVertues. 
Primrofes and Cowflips arc in a manner wholly vfed in Cephalicall dif- 
eafes, either among other herbes or flowers, or of themfelues alone, to cafe 
paines in the head, and is accounted next vnto Betony, the beft for that pur- 
pofe. Experience likewife hath (hewed, that they are profitable both for 
thePalfie, and paines of theioynts, euenasthe Beares eares are, which 
hath caufed the names of Arthritica, Paralyfts, and Paralytica , to bee giuen 
them. The iuice of the flowers is commended tocleanfe the fpots or marks 
of theface, whereof fome Gentlewomen haue found good experience. 
Chai, : 
