5+S 
The ordering of the Orchard. 
Chap. II II. 
The diners manners of grafting all forts of fruits 
ifed in our Land. 
T He moft vfuall manner of grafting in the ftocke is fo common and well known 
in this Land to euery one that hath any thing to doe with trees or an Orchard, 
that I think I (hall take vpon mee a ncedleffe worke tofet downe that is fo well 
knowne to moft ; yet how common foeuer it is, fomc directions may profit euery one, 
without which it is not eafily learned. And I doe not fo much Ipend my time and 
paines herein for their fakes that haue knowledge, but for fuch as not knowing would 
faine be taught priuately, I meane,to reade the rules of the arte fet downe in priuate, 
when they would refufeto learneof a Gardiner, or other by fight: and yet I diicom- 
mend not that way vnto them tolearneby fight; for one may fee more in aninftant by 
fight, then he (hall learn by his own practice in a great while.efpecially if he be a little 
praffifed before he iee a cunning hand to doe it. T hereare many other kindes of graf- 
ting, which (hall be fpoken of hereafter, and peraduenture euenihey that know it well, 
may learnc fomething they knew notbefore. 
i . The grafting in the ftocke, is, to fet the fprigge of a good fruit into the body or 
ftocke of another tree, bee it wilde or other, bee it young or old, to caule that tree to 
bring forth fuch fruit as thetreebore from whence you took thefprigge, and not fuch 
as the ftocke or tree would haue borne, if it had not beene grafted, and is performed in 
thismanner : I.ooke what tree or ftocke you will chufe to graft on, youmuftwith a 
fmall fine fawe and very lharpe, whip off, or cut off the head or toppe thereof at what 
height you cyther thinke beft for your purpofe,or conuenient for the tree : for if you 
graft a great tree, you cannot without endangering the whole, cut it downefo low to 
the ground, as you may without danger doe a fmall tree, or onethat is of a reafonable 
fize ; and yet the lower or neerer the ground you graft a young tree, the fafer it is both 
for your ftocke and graft, becaufe the fappe (lnll not afeend high, butfoonegiuevi- 
gour to the graft to take and fhoote quickly : After you haue cutoff the toppe of your 
ftocke, cut or fmooth the head thereof with a (harpe knife, that it may be as plaine and 
fmooth as you can, and then cleaue it with a hammer or mallet, and with a ftrong knife, 
cleauer or cheffell, either in the middle of it if it be fmall, or of a reafonable fize, or on 
the (ides an inch or more within the barke,ifit be great : into both (ides of the cleft 
put your grafts, or into one if the ftocke bee fmaller ; which grafts muft bee made 
fit for the purpofe on this fafhion : Hauing made choifeof your grafts from the toppe 
branches efpecially, or from the (ides of that tree wherof you would haue the fruit, and 
that they be of a reafonable good fize, not too fmall or too great for your ftockes, and 
of one or the fame yeares fhoote ; (and yet many doc cut an inch or more of theolde 
wood with the fprigge of the laft yeares growth, and fo graft the old and young toge- 
ther (but both arc good, and the old wood no better then the y oungj cut your graft not 
too long, but with two, three or foure eyes or buds at the moft, which at the lower or 
bigger end for an inchlong or more (for the greater ftockes, and an inch or leffe for the 
leffer fort) muft be fo cut, that it be very thin on the one fide from the (houlders do wn- 
vvard,and thicker on the other, and thinalfo at the end, that it may goe downe clofe in- 
to the cleft, and reftatthe (houlders onthc head oftheftocke : but take heedethat in 
cutting your grafts your knife bee very (harpe that you doe not ray fe any of the barke, 
eyther at the fides or the end, for feare of lofing both your paines and graft, and ftocke 
too peraduenture ; and let not your grafts bee made long before you fet them, or el fe 
put the ends of them in water to keepe them frefhand cleane : when you fet them you 
muft open the cleft of your ftocke with a wedge or cheffell as moft doe, thatthe graft 
may goe eafily into it, and thatthe barkeof both graft and ftocke may ioync clofe the 
one to the other, which without ftirring or difplacmg muft bee fo left in the cleft, and 
the wedge or cheffell gently pulled forth; but becaufe in the doing hereof confifteth 
in a manner the whole Ioffe or gaineof your paines, graft and ftocke,to preuent which 
jnconuenience Idoevfeaniron Inftrument, the forme whereof islhowne in the fol- 
lowing 
