T he ordering of the Orchard. 
manner thereof, it is thus: Hauing a tree well growne, bee it high or low, yet the lower 
the better, with young branches well fpread, they vfe to fet ftockes round about it, or 
on the one fide as you pleafe ; into which ftockes they ingraft the young branches of 
the well growne tree as they are growing (before they cut them from the t rce)by bow- 
ing downe the branch they intend to graft, and putting it into the ftocke, hauing firft 
cutoff theheadthereof, andcutanotch in the middle of the head a little Hope on 
both fides, wherein the branch muft be fitted : let the branch be cut thinne on the vn- 
derfide, only of that length as may fuffice to fit the notch in the ftocke, leauing about 
halfeayarde length of the branch, to rife aboue or beyond the ftocke, which beeing 
bound on, and clayed ouer or couered with red or greene loft waxc, they let fo abide, 
that if it take in the ftocke they cut off the branch a little below the grafting place in 
Noucmber following, and remouing the ftocke, they haue thus gained a grafted and 
growne tree the firft y eare : but itis vfually feene,that where one branch taketh, three 
doe miffe : yet this manner of grafting was much in vfe for May Cherries, when they 
were firft known to vs, and the way thought to be arare manner ofgrafting to encreafe 
them, vntill a better way was found out, which now is fo common and good alfo, that 
this is not now fcarcc thought vpon. 
3. Another kinde of grafting in the ftocke is called of fome whipping, of fome 
fplicing, of others incifing, and of others packing on (and as I heare, is much vfed in 
the Weft parts efpecially, andalfo in the North parts of this Land) and is performed 
in this manner : Take and flice the branch of a tree (fo as the branch benot too bigge) 
or clfc a young tree of two, or three, or foure yeares growth at the moft, quite off dope 
wife, about an inch and a halfc long or more, and cut a deep notch in the middle there- 
of, then fit into it a graft iuft of that fize or bigneffe, cut on both fides with (boulders, 
and thinattheend, that it may ioyneclofe in the notch, andneytherbiggerorlcffcr, 
but that the barkeof theonemay bee fitted iuft to the bat ke of theorher, the figure 
wherof is expreffed at thelcttcrs E.F. which fhew the one to be with a fhoulder & the 
other without ; binde them gently together with baft, and putclay or waxcouerthe 
place, vntill it be taken : this is much vfed of late dayes for fuch young rrees as areri- 
len of ftones or kernels after the fecond or third yeares growth, and thriue very well 
in that it not only faucth much time, but diuers checks by remouing andgrafting. 
4. Inoculating orgrafting in thebudde is another manner of grafting, which is the 
tak ing of a budde from one tree, and putting it into the barkc of another tree , to the 
end, that thereby you may haue of the fame kinde of fruit thetree bare from whence 
the budde was taken -and although it bee fufficiently knownein many places of this 
Land, yet as I vnderftand.good Gardiners in the North parts, and likewife in fome o- 
ther places, can fcarcetell what it meancth, or at the leaft how to doe it well. It is per- 
formed after a different falhion from the former, although they all tend vnto one end, 
whichisthe propagating of trees. You muft for this purpofeobferue, that for thofe 
trees you would graft, either with, or vpon , youchoofeafit time in Summer, when 
thefappe iswellrifen, and your graft welllhot, that the barke will rife eafily and 
cleanly, both of ftocke and graft, which timel cannot appoint, becaufe both the years 
doe differ in earlineffc, and the feuerall parts or countries of this Land likewifeone 
from another, but moft vfually in thefe Southerne parts, from the beginning of Iune 
vnto the end of it, or to the middle of Inly, or either fomewhat before or after. Firft 
(as I faid) hauing taken the fitted time of the yeare, you muft take efpeciall care, that 
yourgrafrsbewellgrowne,andofthefameyearesfhoote, andalfothst the buds or 
eyes haue but Angle leaues at them, asneare as you can : for I would vtrerly refufe 
thofe buds that haue aboue two leaues as vnprofitable , either in Peaches or any other 
fruit 5 and therefore fee that your grafts or cyons bee taken from the chicfeft place of 
the tree, that is, either from the roppe, or from a funnie fide thereof, and not from the 
contrarie fide if you may otherwise, nor from any vnder-boughes ; for feeing your 
graft is fo fmall a thing, you had neede take the more care that it be the beft and faireft. 
You muft to take off this eye or budde from the fprigge, haue a fmall fliarpe pen-knife, 
the end of the haft being made flat and thinne, likeacheffellorwedgc, the figure 
whereof is fet forth at the letter B,andapenorgoofequill cut, to be leffe then halfc 
round, and to bebroadatrheend,but not (harpe pointed likeapenne, orelfc fucha 
peecc of bone or Iuorie made in that falhion as the quill is , to bee thinne, hollow, or 
halfe 
54 + 
