BIRDS OF EASTERN MASSACHUSETTS. 
123 
habitat is in the West ; its range eastward being about the 
longitude of Chicago. 
102. Stnrnella magna, Swain. — Meadow Larh, 
Marsh Quail.” Resident; common in summer, but few 
winter here. Breeds in old fields. Gregarious in autumn 
and winter. 
103. Icterus Baltimore, Daudin. — Baltimore Oriole^ 
Golden Robin,” Fire Hang-Bird.” Very common sum- 
mer resident. Arrives from May 5th to 12th ; leaves about 
the middle of September. Breeds, nesting generally on tall 
trees. I have heard a bird of this species that lived among 
the woods of the islands in Essex River, where man is 
seldom seen, sing with a louder, wilder note than usual, 
as if it was influenced by the surrounding wildness and 
its proximity to the sounding sea. This is the only bird 
that I have met with which will readily devour the tent 
caterpillar. 
104. Icterus spurius, Bon. — Orchard Oriole^ ‘‘Spu- 
rious Oriole.” Generally a rare summer resident, but 
quite common in the spring of 1865 ; I saw a few in 1866. 
Arrives about May 18th. Mr. Brewster says that he finds 
a pair or two breeding every season. 
105. Scolecophagus ferrugineus, Swain. — Rusty 
Grahle^ “ Rusty Blackbird.” Common spring and autumn 
migrant. Arrives from March 8th to 30th, remains into 
April ; arrives from the North the last week in Septem- 
ber, remaining into November. Very unsuspicious, and fre- 
quents the bushes by the side of water. Generally seen in 
small flocks, sometimes in company with the succeeding 
species. 
106. Quiscalus versicolor, Yieill. ■ — Purple Grakle, 
“ Crow Blackbird.” Common summer resident. Arrives 
from March 1st to 20th ; remains into November. Breeds 
in communities, generally nesting in tall trees ; but I have 
found its nest on the islands in the Essex River, on bushes 
